RESUMO -A melhor compreensão da história natural dos cavernomas, o aprimoramento dos métodos diagnósticos e das técnicas microcirúrgicas tornaram possíveis as seguintes condutas: tratamento conservador, radiocirurgia e ressecção cirúrgica. Apresenta-se revisão de 33 pacientes operados no serviço de Neurocirurgia da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, no período de 1992 a 2001. Cavernomas corticais e subcorticais que se manifestaram por crises convulsivas de difícil controle (57,5%) ou principalmente por hemorragia (15,1%) foram tratados cirurgicamente. As lesões profundas (gânglios basais, tálamo e tronco encefálico) somaram 27,7%. Estas, atualmente, só devem ser operadas quando estão próximas à superfície ependimária ou pial. Indicou-se ainda a ressecção de lesões medulares (5,5%) e cerebrais profundas, que apresentaram déficit focal progressivo(13,8%) ou episódios recorrentes de hemorragia(13,8%). As lesões pequenas e profundas que não apresentam hemorragia devem ser tratadas conservadoramente.Não existe, no momento, evidência de resultados favoráveis com a radiocirurgia.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: cavernomas, quadro clínico, microcirurgia.
Cavernous malformations: surgical management in Belo Horizonte Santa Casa HospitalABSTRACT -The better understanding of the natural history of the cavernous malformations and the improvement of diagnostic methods and of microsurgical techniques have made the management of cavernous malformations possible through the conservative treatment, radiosurgery, and microsurgical resection. We present 33 cases operated at our service at Santa Casa Hospital, Belo Horizonte, from 1992 to 2001. Cortical and subcortical cavernomas manifested by epilepsy (57.5%) or mainly by hemorrhage (15.1%) were surgically approached. The deep lesions (basal ganglia, talamo and brain steam) represented 27.7% of our cases. They should only be operated when located near the pial or ependimary surface. The resection of spinal cord lesions (5.5%) and of deep brain lesions is also recommended when they present progressive focal deficit (13.8%) or recurrent episodes of hemorrhage (13.8%). Small and deep seated cavernomas that do not present bleeding must be conservatively treated. There has been no evident favourable result related to radiosurgery so far.
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