Human placenta provides an inexpensive, widely available, convenient biological tissue that can be used to create models of cerebral aneurysms of different morphologies. Neurosurgical trainees may benefit from the preoperative use of a realistic model to gain familiarity and practice with critical surgical techniques for treating aneurysms.
RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a eficácia da rizotomia trigeminal por radiofrequência no tratamento da neuralgia essencial do trigêmeo em 135 pacientes e propor modificação da técnica para guiar a punção do forame oval. Cento e um (74,8%) pacientes foram tratados com apenas um procedimento cirúrgico e os 34 (25,2%) restantes necessitaram dois procedimentos. O tempo de avaliação pós-operatória variou de 6 meses a 15 anos. O alívio das crises de dor no pós-operatório imediato ocorreu em 131 (97,0%) pacientes. Após a realização do primeiro procedimento, houve recorrência em 33 (24,5%) pacientes. As complicações incluíram diminuição do reflexo corneano (4,4%), paresia do masseter (2,2%), disestesia dolorosa (1,5%) e anestesia dolorosa (0,7%). A rizotomia trigeminal por radiofrequência constitui procedimento minimamente invasivo, de baixo risco e com alta eficácia. O uso da fluoroscopia por tomografia computadorizada torna a punção do forame oval mais fácil, rápida e precisa.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: termocoagulação por radiofrequência, rizotomia, nervo trigêmeo, neuralgia do trigêmeo. T T T T Trigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: results and technical modification rigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: results and technical modification rigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: results and technical modification rigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: results and technical modification rigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: results and technical modification ABSTRACT -The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomy in treating 135 patients harboring trigeminal neuralgia, and to introduce a technical modification to guide the puncture of the foramen ovale. A hundred and one (74.8%) patients were treated with a single surgical procedure whereas the 34 (25.2%) remaining patients required two procedures. Follow-up ranges from 6 months to 15 years. Pain relief in the immediate postoperative was achieved in 131 (97.0%) patients. After the initial procedure, recurrence happened in 33 (24.5%) patients. The complications included decrease corneal reflex (4.4%), masseter paresis (2.2%), painful dysesthesia (1.5%) and anesthesia dolorosa (0.7%). The radiofrequency trigeminal rizhotomy is a low risk, highly effective and minimally invasive procedure. The use of the computerized tomography guided fluoroscopy turns foramen ovale's puncture easier, fast and precise.KEY WORDS: radiofrequency thermocoagulation, rhizotomy, trigeminal nerve, trigeminal neuralgia. A neuralgia do trigêmeo (NT) é a mais frequente das neuralgias craniofaciais. Caracteriza-se por paroxismos de dor tipo choque, de breve duração e recorrentes, na distribuição somatosensorial de um ou mais ramos do nervo trigêmeo. Ocorre em incidência anual de quatro a cinco pacientes por cem mil pessoas 1 . Sua causa ainda é motivo de disc...
Cervical degenerative myelopathy is a common condi tion affecting 2% of all hospital admissions according to a number of studies 1,2 . The two main causes of this condition are cervical spondylosis and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) 3 . Such conditions progress with age and can eventually result in the impairment of mul tilevel segments and multilevel cervical spondylotic mye lopathy (MCSM). ABSTRACT:The laminoplasty technique was devised by Hirabayashi in 1978 for patients diagnosed with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Objective: To describe an easy modification of Hirabayashi's method and present the clinical and radiological results from a five-year followup study. Method and Results: Eighty patients had 5 levels of decompression (C3-C7), 3 patients had 6 levels of decompression (C2-T1) and 3 patients had 4 levels of decompression (C3-C6). Foraminotomies were performed in 23 cases (27%). Following Nurick`s scale, 76 patients (88%) improved, 9 (11%) had the same Nurick grade, and one patient worsened and was advised to undergo another surgical procedure. No deaths were observed. The mean surgery time was 122 min. Radiographic evaluation showed an increase in the mean sagittal diameter from 11.2 mm at pretreatment to 17.3 mm post surgery. There was no significant difference between pretreatment and post-surgery C2-C7 angles. Conclusions:This two-open-doors laminoplasty technique is safe, easy and effective and can be used as an alternative treatment for cases of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy without instability.Keywords: laminoplasty, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. RESUMO:A laminoplastia é técnica clássica descrita por Hirabayashi em 1978 para descompressão do canal cervical sem utilizar prótese. A principal indicação é o tratamento da mielopatia espondilotica cervical sem instabilidade. Objetivo: Descrever modificação simples da técnica de laminoplastia clássica de Hirabayashi com resultados clínicos e radiográficos em 5 anos de acompanhamento. Resultados e Método: Foram acompanhados 86 pacientes. Em 80, foi feita descompressão por laminoplastia em 5 níveis (C3-C7); em 3, descompressão em 6 níveis (C2-T1); em 3, descompressao em 4 níveis (C3-C6). Em 23 casos (27%), foi realizada foraminotomia associada a descompressão medular. O acompanhamento dos pacientes foi feito utilizando a escala de Nurick. Em 76 pacientes (88%) houve melhora do grau de Nurick. Não houve mortalidade associada à técnica. O tempo médio do procedimento cirúrgico foi de 122 minutos. Em relação à avaliação radiográfica, houve aumento do diâmetro sagital médio do canal cervical de 11,2mm para 17,3mm. Não houve diferença estatística do ângulo C2-C7 nas avaliações antes e após o procedimento cirúrgico. Conclusão: A nova técnica de laminoplastia descrita no presente estudo foi segura, de fácil execução, efetiva, não utiliza protese e não há instabilidade do canal cervical.Palavras-chave: laminoplastia, mielopatia espondilotica cervical,...
Today fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is considered to be a generalized nonarticular rheumatic condition. It shows typical symptoms such as chronic pain, asthenia, muscular tension and/or rigidity in articular, periarticular subcutaneous tissues, ligaments and tendon insertions. It is associated with a specific tenderness on palpation at tender points (TP)(l,2). FM is one of the most frequent rheumatic diseases affecting from 6% to 20% of rheumatology out-patients. It has a higher incidence in women aged between 25 and 45 years. [...]
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