Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a new modality of treatment especially dedicated to patients with high surgical risk. In these patients, TAVI increased survival and improved quality of life when compared to standard treatment (drug therapy with or without percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty). Our objective was to perform a costefficacy analysis of the implementation of TAVI in the Brazilian Supplemental Health System. Methods: We developed a predictive model to assess the cost-effectiveness of the procedure in the long-term, and a Weibull regression analysis with a time horizon of 5 and 10 years, to estimate survival data for over 24 months. In addition, a deterministic sequential Markov model was developed. Results were expressed as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per years of life saved and progression-free years of life. Results: In a standard scenario, where the cost of TAVI was estimated as R$ 65 millions, the ICER value (cost/year of life saved

Surgical replacement of the aortic valve is the therapy of choice for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. However, surgical risk increases significantly with age and with the association of comorbidities. In this clinical context, transcatheter aortic-valve implantation must be considered as a valid and effective therapeutic alternative. The purpose of this Consensus is to provide a critical review of all the evidence and recent advances related to transcatheter aorticvalve implantation and summarize the current state of the art, in order to better guide therapeutic decision-making. Patient selection for transcatheter aortic-valve implantation must meet the following criteria: 1) presence of severe symp

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Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a relatively common congenital heart disease and the alternatives for the treatment of PDA > 2.5 mm are surgery or percutaneous occlusion with plugs. The latter, although considered the method of choice, are not provided by the Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde -SUS). Our objective was to compare the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of both strategies. Methods: Systematic review of clinical outcomes and development of a decision-making algorithm to evaluate the ICER of Amplatzer™ Duct Occluder (ADO) vs. surgical treatment for the closure of PDA. Costs for both methods were calculated based on the reimbursement figures paid by the SUS in 2010 and the cost of the percutaneous kit (device + support materials) was estimated at R$ 10,000.00. We used as a threshold the willingness to pay the equivalent of three times the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product, i.e., R$ 57,000.00 per year of life saved. Results: Both techniques were safe and effective with less morbidity and shorter hospitalization time for percutaneous closure. Adjusted life expectancy was similar in both groups, and slightly better for the ADO group. Total cost was calculated as R$ 8,507 for surgery and R$ 11,000.00 for ADO. ICER was calculated as R$ 71,380.00 per year of life saved. A threshold analysis showed that a reduction of R$ 492.65 in the cost of the ADO kit would reduce the ICER to an acceptable value for the incorporation of this technology by the SUS. Conclusions: Percutaneous occlusion was associated with less morbidity and shorter hospital stay with similar incremental effectiveness when compared to the surgical treatment. With the direct costs used in this study and considering that the entire population with PDA is treated with the ADO, percutaneous occlusion was less cost-effective. However, a slight reduction in the costs of the percutaneous Introdução: A persistência do canal arterial (PCA) é uma cardiopatia congênita relativamente comum e as alternativas para o tratamento de canais > 2,5 mm são a cirurgia ou a oclusão percutânea com próteses do tipo rolha. Essas últimas, apesar de consideradas o método de escolha, não estão previstas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Nosso objetivo foi comparar a razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) de ambas as estratégias. Métodos: Revisão sistemática em relação a desfechos clínicos e criação de modelo de decisão para avaliação da RCEI do Amplatzer ® Duct Occluder (ADO) em comparação ao tratamento cirúrgico, para o fechamento da PCA. Os custos para ambos os métodos foram aqueles reembolsados pelo SUS em 2010, e o custo do conjunto (dispositivo + materiais de apoio) foi estimado em R$ 10.000,00. Foi considerado como limiar uma disposição para pagar equivalente a três vezes o Produto Interno Bruto brasileiro, resultando em R$ 57.000,00 por ano de vida salvo. Resultados: As duas técnicas foram seguras e eficazes, com menor morbidade e tempo de internação no fechamento percutâneo. A expectativa de vida ajustada foi sim...

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