Four Cerrado Biome phytophysiognomies (palm tree woodlands, primary semi-deciduous dry forest, secondary semi-deciduous dry forest and Cerrado stricto sensu), at Nazareth Farm (Municipality of José de Freitas, State of Piauí) were sampled using beating tray and pitfall traps. All the collected individuals during the structured protocol and those previously collected in the study area (occasional sampling with pit-fall traps with drift fences) were identified together. A total of 1215 spiders, 40 families and 114 species were sampled. Only 38 species were sampled during the structured inventory. The estimate species richness curves reached from 47 (Bootstrap) to 124 (Chao2) species. The secondary semi-deciduous dry forest harbored the highest spider abundance (n = 221) and species richness (19 spp.). This is the first study to compare these vegetation types, too characteristic in the North of Piauí, and assuredly threatened by the agricultural advance in this state. The spider species richness found at Nazareth Farm is the second higher recorded from Piauí. Resumo: Quatro fitofisionomias do Bioma Cerrado (mata dos cocais, mata seca semi-decídua primária, mata seca semi-decídua secundária e cerrado típico) na Fazenda Nazareth (Município de José de Freitas, Piauí) foram amostradas utilizando-se guarda-chuva entomológico e armadilhas de queda. Os indivíduos coletados a partir do protocolo estruturado e aqueles coletados previamente na área de estudo (amostragens ocasionais com armadilhas de interceptação e queda) foram identificados unificadamente. Um total de 1215 aranhas, 40 famílias e 114 espécies foram amostradas. Somente 38 espécies foram amostradas no durante o inventário padronizado. As curvas de riqueza de espécies estimadas variaram entre 47 (Bootstrap) e 124 (Chao2) espécies. A mata seca semi-decídua secundária exibiu maior abundância de aranhas (221 indivíduos) e riqueza em espécies (19 spp.). Este é o primeiro estudo comparando estas fitofisionomias, comuns no Norte do Piauí, e indubitavelmente ameaçadas pelo avanço da agricultura no estado. A riqueza em espécies de aranhas encontrada na Fazenda Nazareth é a segunda maior registrada para o Estado do Piauí. Palavras-chave: inventário, Araneae, Cerrado, fitofisionomias, estimadores de riqueza.
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