The austenitic stainless steel 316L is the most used metallic biomaterials in orthopedics applications, especially in the manufacture of articulated prostheses and as structural elements in fracture fixation, since it has high mechanical strength. However, because it is biologically inactive, it does not form chemical bond with bone tissue, it is fixed only by morphology. The development of biocomposites of stainless steel with a bioactive material, such as hydroxyapatite -HA, is presented as an alternative to improve the response in the tissue-implant interface. However significant reductions in mechanical properties of the biocomposite can occur. Different compositions of the biocomposite stainless steel 316L/HA (5, 20 and 50 wt. (%) HA) were prepared by mechanical alloying. After milling the powders for 10 hours, the different compositions of the biocomposite were compacted isostatically and sintered at 1200 °C for 2 hours. The mechanical properties of the biocomposites were analyzed by compression tests. The powders and the sintered composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
INTRODUÇÃOAs pilhas e baterias estão presentes no nosso cotidiano em produtos eletrônicos, controles remoto, celulares, entre outros aparelhos eletroeletrônicos, gerando um grande consumo deste tipo de material. No entanto, o seu descarte ainda não é adequado, sendo que maior parte das pilhas produzidas ainda são descartadas no lixo urbano e encaminhadas aos aterros sanitários, contaminando solo e lençóis freáticos. Algumas pilhas ainda são compostas de elementos químicos tóxicos como cádmio, mercúrio e chumbo, altamente prejudiciais a fauna e a flora. Dentre os compostos presentes nas pilhas também estão o ferro, manganês e zinco, os quais podem ser utilizados na obtenção de materiais magnéticos [1]. Desta forma, a reciclagem das pilhas inutilizadas apresenta-se como uma solução ambiental, além de proporcionar o desenvolvimento de novos materiais a partir de seus compostos químicos.O intuito deste trabalho é desenvolver um produto capaz de agregar valor as pilhas descartadas, empregando um novo produto gerado a partir dos resíduos de pilha na degradação de substâncias nocivas, tais como compostos fenólicos. O fenol é um resíduo tóxico bastante problemático com relação a sua degradação. No Brasil, 64 kg de fenol são lançados na atmosfera, provenientes de termoelétricas movidas à carvão. Além disso, efluentes indústrias, hospitalares e domésticos também podem conter o composto e com isso contaminar as águas. Por ser uma substância com altos riscos à saúde e por possuir elevado potencial de contaminação ambiental ) and applied in photo-Fenton process, it was reached 90% of phenol removal at pH 2.5 with 2 h of irradiation.
The direct three-dimensional characterization of opaque materials through serial sectioning makes possible to visualize and better quantify a material microstructure, using classical metallographic techniques coupled with computer-aided reconstruction. Titanium alloys are used as biomaterials for bone implants because of its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and enhanced corrosion resistance. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy (in wt. (%)) with porous microstructure permits the ingrowths of new-bone tissues improving the fixation bone/implant. This is important to understand connectivity, morphology and spatial distribution of pores in microstructure. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy compacts were produced by powder metallurgy and sintered at three distinct temperatures (1250, 1400 and 1500 °C) to obtain distinct microstructures in terms of residual porosity. The visualization of the reconstructed 3D microstructure provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the porosity of Ti6Al4V alloy (volume fraction and pore morphology).
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