IntroductionTinnitus is considered the third worst symptom affecting humans. The aim of this article is to assess complaints by workers with tinnitus exposed to environmental and occupational noise.Methodology495 workers went through an epidemiological survey at the Audiology Department of the Center for Studies on Workers’ Health and Human Ecology, from 2003 to 2007. The workers underwent tonal and vocal audiometry, preceded by a clinical and occupational history questionnaire. Two-factor ANOVA and Tukey were the statistical tests used. All the analysis set statistical significance at α=5%.FindingsThere was a higher prevalence of occupational tinnitus (73.7%), a predominance of female domestic workers (65.4%) in cases of environmental exposure, and predominance of male construction workers (71.5%) for occupational exposure. There was a significant difference in workers with hearing loss, who showed a mean speech recognition index (SRI) of 85%, as compared to healthy workers with a mean SRI greater than 93.5%. Signs and symptoms, speech perception, and interference in sound localization with the type of noise exposure (environmental versus occupational) comparisons found no significant differences.ConclusionStudied group’s high prevalence of tinnitus, major difficulties in speech recognition with hearing loss and the presence of individuals with normal hearing with both types of exposure justify the importance of measures in health promotion, prevention, and hearing surveillance. The findings highlight the importance of valuing the patients’ own perception as the first indication of tinnitus and hearing loss in order to help develop appropriate public policies within the Unified National Health System (SUS).
Neste estudo, buscou-se identificar a exposição sonora e verificar se a proteção auditiva utilizada por esses trabalhadores é adequada para a exposição ao ruído de impacto, durante as atividades de Tiro de Instrução Básico realizadas no Exército Brasileiro, produzidos pelo Fuzil Automático Leve - FAL, calibre 7,62mm. O presente estudo caracteriza-se como analítico, uma vez que busca estabelecer relações causais entre as diversas variáveis envolvidas. Utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa, no mapeamento do processo de trabalho; e da abordagem quantitativa na analise dos dados em relação a esse processo. Foi possível uma aproximação da realidade a partir de uma triangulação de técnicas de coleta de dados, a saber: observação sistemática; entrevista semi-estruturada e exercício experimental. Diante das análises realizadas, pode-se garantir que esses trabalhadores estão expostos a um NPS mínimo de 147,3 dB durante as atividades de tiro, podendo esse valor atingir 171 dB. Assim, entende-se que a real redução do ruído, oferecida pelo protetor 1100 da 3M, principal modelo utilizado pelos militares, cujo valor de atenuação auditiva corresponde a NRRsf de 12 dB, não caracteriza efetividade na proteção auditiva para os militares.
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