The purpose of our study was to analyze limb lengthening in fibular hemimelia type II. Ten patients underwent 16 tibia lengthenings. The mean tibia shortening was 5.8 cm. We used the Ilizarov technique in all cases. The mean follow-up time was 7.2 years. The mean lengthening was 23% of the former length. The healing index was 50.8 days/cm. In the final examination six patients were skeletally mature, equal limb length and functional foot positioning were achieved in four of them. Complications were observed during 14 lengthenings (87.5%). Although lengthening in fibular hemimelia is difficult, elongation with axis and foot correction may offer an alternative to amputation.

The Ilizarov device and distraction osteogenesis method became very useful in correction and elongation of forearm defects. Two cases of forearm elongation with congenital transverse defect are described. The construction of the device is provided. During follow-up examination, 2 and 7 years after the treatment, good clinical results were achieved in both patients with the use of upper limb prosthesis employing the patient's own elbow joint. Presented application of the Ilizarov method can significantly improve possibilities for the use of prosthesis in patients with congenital upper limb defects and result in better cosmetic and functional outcome.

In the era of rapid technological progress, the legislators of individual countries face the challenge of submitting new technological phenomena to the legal framework. The business operation in the field of virtual currencies (cryptocurrencies),widely, in the financial technology sector (hereinafter referred to in as “fintech”), create a chance to attract investors and develop the economy. On the other hand, the same might be misused for illegal purposes, such as, in particular,money laundering or financing of terrorism. This study provides for an overview of the legal regulations of selected states in the field of virtual currencies (cryptocurrencies). Although, presented laws and regulations herein are in favour of thecryptocurrencies, the scope of implemented acts varies significantly.

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