The seismic sequence that stroke central Italy in August and October 2016 affected a large number of school buildings. One of these was the elementary school of the town of Visso, a 5000-cubic-metre, two-storey stone masonry building. The Italian Structural Seismic Observatory (OSS), a network of permanent sensors mainly installed in public buildings by the Department of Civil Protection, monitored this school. Twenty-three accelerometric channels allowed recording the dynamic response of the building during the entire sequence, which caused the collapse of portions of masonry walls and floor diaphragms. Double-integration of acceleration time histories provided estimations of displacements and deformations, which can be related to different damage states. A detailed geometric and mechanical characterization of the structural system complemented the data provided by the OSS, allowing the development of a reliable equivalent-frame numerical model of the building, implemented in the software Tremuri. The comparison between data recorded on site and nonlinear time-history analysis results confirmed some of the main modelling assumptions typically validated against smaller shake table experiments.