Epidermoid cyst is a congenital benign lesion, rarely seen in the topography of the fourth ventricle. The authors report a case of a 48-year-old patient with headache and cerebellar ataxia due to an epidermoid cyst in the fourth ventricle. We performed a surgical resection with histopathological confirmation of the lesion.

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) aneurysms are extremely rare, accounting for only 0.75% of all intracranial aneurysms. The average age of patients suffering from those aneurysms found in the literature was 44 years, with no significant difference between the sexes. These aneurysms can manifest clinically through expansive symptoms in cerebellopontine angle or through signs and symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage, such as nausea, vomiting, headache, nystagmus and paresis. The gold standard exam for diagnosis is cerebral angiography. The treatment of these lesions is controversial. The main difficulty of the surgical treatment of these aneurysms is the location of the AICA, which lies close to critical neurovascular structures. In this article, we describe a proximal AICA aneurysm embolization without occlusion of the parent artery, with excellent results in the postoperative period. Palavras-chave► artéria cerebelar anterior inferior ► procedimentos endovasculares ► aneurisma intracraniano ResumoOs aneurismas da artéria cerebelar anterior inferior (AICA) são extremamente raros, representando apenas 0,75% de todos os aneurismas intracranianos. A idade média de acometimento encontrada na literatura é de 44 anos, não havendo diferença significativa entre os sexos. A etiologia do aneurisma da AICA é controversa, porém, acreditase haver semelhanças com aneurismas em geral. Clinicamente, esses aneurismas podem manifestar sintomas expansivos no ângulo ponto-cerebelar, ou sinais e sintomas de hemorragia subaracnóidea (HSA), como náuseas, vômitos, cefaleia, nistagmo. O exame padrão-ouro para o diagnóstico é a angiografia cerebral. A maior controvérsia dos aneurismas da AICA é o tratamento. A principal dificuldade no tratamento cirúrgico desses aneurismas é a localização da AICA, perto de estruturas neurovasculares críticas. Neste artigo, descrevemos a embolização de um aneurisma proximal da AICA sem oclusão da artéria portadora, com excelentes resultados no pós-operatório.

Aneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery is a rare condition, which can trigger severe neurologic complications. The authors report a case of a female patient of 54 years, presenting as a progressive dysphonia, which revealed it to be an aneurysm of the extracranial portion of the internal carotid artery. Endovascular treatment was used.