This study aimed to evaluate the vase life of floral and vegetative stems of Costaceae and describe their morphological characteristics. To evaluate the vase life of floral and vegetative stems, four and six species were used, respectively. Three cutting stages were established for floral stems. Stems were cut a few days before flower opening at stage 1, upon opening of the first flower(s) (anthesis) at stage 2, and when floral stems showed more than 15 opened flowers at stage 3. However, only two different stages were applied for each species. Floral stems were standardized with 50 cm in length, while vegetative stems were standardized with 70 cm in length. The morphological characteristics determined for floral stems included diameter of the floral stem, length of inflorescence, diameter of inflorescence and fresh mass of floral stem. For vegetative stems, we considered diameter and fresh mass. After the first evaluation, stems were maintained at 22 ºC and 53% of humidity. The total number of post-harvest days (global longevity) in which the quality of floral and vegetative stems was acceptable were evaluated. The highest vase life for floral stems at stage 1 was observed for Costus woodsoni, Costus arabicus x Costus spiralis (Costus Tropicales), and Costus scaber. Hellenia speciosa showed higher vase life at stage 3. H. speciosa showed the highest vase life and C. woodsonii the lowest values for morphological characteristics. The vase life of vegetative stems for the six species was satisfactory. Costus scaber (orange) showed the shortest longevity and Costus arabicus (yellow) longest longevity. Dimerocostus strobilaceus showed the highest values of morphological characteristics, and Costus arabicus (pink) showed lowest values. Based on the results, both floral and vegetative stems of Costaceae can be used for cutting.
A biodiversidade que compõe a flora brasileira possui grande riqueza e diversidade de espécies, entretanto, as florestas vem sofrendo ao longo dos anos com mudanças abruptas nos padrões da composição e abundância das espécies. Existe uma preocupação no meio científico, para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que visem a conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais nos biomas brasileiros. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho desenvolver protocolos de conservação para sementes de duas espécies florestais do bioma Pantanal, por meio do armazenamento em nitrogênio líquido (NL2). O experimento foi distribuído em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 2.200 sementes para cada espécie, compondo 10 tratamentos, sendo a TP - Testemunha Padrão com dosagem 0 de crioprotetor e sem imersão em NL2, a Testemunha (T.) com dosagem 0 de crioprotetor, com imersão em NL2 e quatro variações de concentração de sacarose (0,29, 0,58, 0,87 e 1,16M) e dimetilsulfoxido-DMSO (5, 10, 15 e 20%) em solução. As sementes foram mergulhadas e mantidas nas soluções crioprotetoras e posteriormente embaladas e armazenadas em NL2 por 120 horas. Foram avaliados a porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimentos parte aérea e raiz da plântula, massas secas da parte aérea e raiz e massa seca total. A partir dos resultados observados, pode-se afirmar que para todas as espécies estudadas o armazenamento das sementes em NL2 sem o uso de soluções crioprotetoras é viável.
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