Chitosan was modified with acetylacetone and ethylenediamine in the absence of solvent. The new biopolymer obtained from the modification was characterized by elemental analysis and NMR 13 C and applied in the removal of diclofenac sodium aqueous solution varying the pH and time. Through elemental analysis was possible to verify a decreasing in C/N relation after reaction with acetylacetone and an increasing after modification with ethylenediamine. From NMR analysis was verified the appearance of peaks around 160-210 ppm in both materials due to free carbonyl groups in the first step of the modification, besides the formation of imine bonds. The adsorption tests showed that the highest value occurred at pH 4 and from the results of the kinetic study was found that maximum adsorption occurred within 45 minutes and experimental data adjusted better to linear adjustment, following pseudo second-order model. The results show a material efficient in the removal of emerging pollutants.

The disposal of textile waste in water bodies is exacerbating environmental problems, which led scientists to seek natural materials to develop more sustainable ways. Searching for low cost materials was used to remove the dye in two cellulosic sources (filter papers of different brands). The papers were characterized by XRD which confirmed crystallographic profile similar to cellulose. With the aim of optimizing the best conditions, various tests were performed, where the ideal time was 180 minutes for the paper 1 and 240 minutes for the second paper, both by adjusting the pseudo second-order model. The other parameters studied was the pH, adsorbate-adsorbent systems which have maximum adsorption capacity of 2.76 mg / g at pH 2.02 and 2 mg / g at pH 11 for the paper 1 and 10.57 mg / g pH 4 and 2 mg / g at pH 11 for the paper 2. Both adsorbents had the best fit to the Langmuir model in pHs 2 and 11 at the temperature of 298 K.

The search for functional materials has increased daily in order to improve their functionality while maintaining a low cost. Among the materials of considerable interest are clays and within them is a particular clay known as palygorskite, which contains a hydrated silicate of aluminum and magnesium with a fibrous morphology. This work achieved the organofunctionalization of palygorskite with ethylene sulfide in the absence of a solvent. Through the elemental analysis of sulphur, the incorporation of 9.73 ± 0.36 mmol g-1 was identified. A significant decrease in the crystallographic planes (110) and (040) was identified in the XRD. The FTIR showed vibrations of stretching and deformation of the methylene groups in the region below 3000 and in 1421 cm-1, respectively. The deformation related to the C-S group in the region of 700 and 600 cm-1, and the surface area (BET) showed a significant reduction from 113 to 7 m2 g-1. Additionally, the SEM presented a loss of fibrous character.