No abstract

This randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effect of ivabradine, a novel heart rate-lowering agent, on echocardiographic indices of left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with regional (coronary artery disease) or global (cardiomyopathy) LV dysfunction. Patients were randomized on an unequal basis to receive ivabradine 0.25 mg/kg (n = 31) or placebo (n = 13) by intravenous infusion. Resting heart rate was reduced by a mean of 17.6 ± 4.7% with ivabradine and 1.5 ± 5.8% with placebo. The mean maximum decrease in LV ejection fraction was 0.2% with ivabradine and 1.7% with placebo. Fractional shortening and stroke volume were also fully preserved after ivabradine administration. Thus, a single intravenous dose of ivabradine produced a substantial reduction in resting heart rate without affecting LV function in patients with regional or global LV dysfunction.

Additive manufacturing techniques continue to improve in resolution, geometrical freedom, and production rates, expanding their application range in research and industry. Most established techniques, however, are based on layer‐by‐layer polymerization processes, leading to an inherent trade‐off between resolution and printing speed. Volumetric 3D printing enables the polymerization of freely defined volumes allowing the fabrication of complex geometries at drastically increased production rates and high resolutions, marking the next chapter in light‐based additive manufacturing. This work advances the volumetric 3D printing technique xolography to a continuous process. Dual‐color photopolymerization is performed in a continuously flowing resin, inside a tailored flow cell. Supported by simulations, the flow profile in the printing area is flattened, and resin velocities at the flow cell walls are increased to minimize unwanted polymerization via laser sheet‐induced curing. Various objects are printed continuously and true to shape with smooth surfaces. Parallel object printing paves the way for up‐scaling the continuous production, currently reaching production rates up to 1.75 mm for the presented flow cell. Xolography in flow provides a new opportunity for scaling up volumetric 3D printing with the potential to resolve the trade‐off between high production rates and high resolution in light‐based additive manufacturing.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

No abstract

This chapter focuses on the military history of Roman Germany during the third century AD. It begins with an overview of the Severan dynasty, with particular emphasis on civil wars and their impact on the army and the civilian population. It then considers the conscription of a new auxiliary unit, cohors I Septimia Belgarum, during the reign of Septimius Severus, before turning to the period between AD 235 and AD 260, which was characterized by the presence of arms and Roman military objects in the civilian settlements of the hinterland of the Upper German–Raetian limes. It also discusses the period from AD 260 to the end of the third century AD, when the Upper German limes gained military importance during the Gallic Empire, and the military situation along the Rhine.