This study aims to determine the results of distance learning using e-learning, which is reviewed from a management perspective. This research uses a qualitative case study approach, with a research site at the Madrasah Aliyah Lubbul Labib Maron, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia. The results showed that; management of distance learning is carried out in several stages, namely; planning that includes learner analysis, determination of material, methods, approaches, media and evaluation techniques that will be used in learning activities. Furthermore, the results of the planning are implemented in online learning and evaluated according to what has been planned.
Konflik merupakan suatu proses alamiah yang melekat pada sifat semua hubungan dan dapat diatasi dengan pengelolaan yang konstruktif. Pengelolaan konflik ke arah positif membutuhkan proses dan usaha yang tidak mudah. Konflik dapat dijadikan sebagai stimulus peningkatan komunikasi dan kualitas kerja, namun juga dapat menurunkan kualitas kinerja seseorang jika tidak dapat dikendalikan. Madrasah sebagai lembaga pendidikan dalam melaksanakan proses pendidikan dan dalam mencapai visi yang dirumuskan tidak lepas dari konflik sehingga dapat menjadi faktor penghambat dalam mencapai tujuan yang telah dirumuskan bersama jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif karena ditunjukkan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis fenomena, peristiwa, aktivitas sosial, sikap, kepercayaan, persepsi, pemikiran orang secara individual maupun kelompok. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi berperanserta (participant observation), wawancara mendalam (in dept interview), studi dokumen dan trianggulasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan melibatkan tiga komponen analisis, yaitu reduksi data (data reduction), penyajian data (data display), penarikan kesimpulan (verification). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sumber konflik yang terdapat di MTs DDI Kaluppang yaitu dilatarbelakangi karena adanya ketidaksesuaian atau kesalahpahaman dalam komunikasi atau distorsi komunikasi, adanya perilaku salah satu personil yang keras kepala dalam memaksakan kehendak, dan tidak mau berkompromi terhadap keputusan bersama yang telah ditetapkan. Adapun langkah yang dillakukan dalam mengelola konflik yang terjadi, yaitu dengan mengambil langkah kekeluargaan, musyawarah bersama, bersikap kompromi yang kontroversial, bersikap akomodatif, bersikap toleran, dan mengedepankan nilai-nilai kebersamaan.
This paper presents two novel spectral soil area indices to identify bare soil area and distinguish it more accurately from the urban impervious surface area (ISA). This study designs these indices based on medium spatial resolution remote sensing data from Landsat 8 OLI dataset. Extracting bare soil or urban ISA is more challenging than extracting water bodies or vegetation in multispectral Remote Sensing (RS). Bare soil and the urban ISA area often were mixed because of their spectral similarity in multispectral sensors. This study proposes Normalized Soil Area Index 1 (NSAI1) and Normalized Soil Area Index 2 (NSAI2) using typical multispectral bands. Experiments show that these two indices have an overall accuracy of around 90%. The spectral similarity index (SDI) shows these two indices have higher separability between soil area and ISA than previous indices. The result shows that percentile thresholds can effectively classify bare soil areas from the background. The combined use of both indices measured the soil area of the study area over 71 km2. Most importantly, proposed soil indices can refine urban ISA measurement accuracy in spatiotemporal studies.
Zakat has developed as a significant source of state revenue used to help the poor, as well as to advance Islam, science, other fields of study, build infrastructure, and provide other forms of support. The role of zakat is in line with the economic conditions of the poor and of course they still need several types of assistance services, but they are still dealing with the right to access services in order to increase people's prosperity. This study aims to find out how the form of collecting zakat, the form of the role of the national amil zakat agency, and what factors influence the collection of zakat. This study uses a qualitative methodology. This method is explained to be able to understand what phenomena the research subject is experiencing, in this case includes actions, motivations, perceptions, behaviors and so on, through verbal and linguistic descriptions, in the unique environment experienced, and by applying various scientific techniques. The results of the study show that: (1) The forms of zakat collection include the establishment of zakat collection units, zakat reception counters, opening of bank accounts, consultations about zakat, zakat pick-up programs, infaq, and shadaqah, household donations, teacher donations. These aspects play an important role in increasing the success rate of zakat collection. (2) The role of the national amil zakat agency in Pinrang Regency includes outreach, the zakat utilization program, and the zakat distribution system. (3) The factors that influence the collection of agricultural zakat in Kaballangang Village are internal factors and external factors
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