Conceptual analysis of (Th,U-233)O2 fueled small long-life PWR with Np-237 and Pa-231 as burnable poison has been performed. The fuel used is (Th,U-233)O2 with Th-232 and U-233 as fertile-fissile nuclides pair with 8% U-233 and addition of Pa-231 and Np-237 as burnable poison (BP). This study aims to investigate optimum design of fuel and core configuration and the performance of reactor. The calculation is done by SRAC2006 code developed by JAEA and is based on JENDL-4.0 library. Cell calculation conducted by PIJ module shows that optimum design is reached at 60% of fuel volume fraction and 6% of burnable poison. Core optimization calculation by CITATION module for two dimensional (R – Z) core geometry shows that reactor could reach 60 years of lifetime at 150 MWt power level which correspond to 25.36 power density. Calculation for heterogen reactor shows that reactor with BP combination of 8% of Pa-231 at center zone and 6% of Pa-231 at outer zone has better performance with 60 years of operation period than reactor with combination of 8% of Np-237 at center zone and 6% of Pa-231 at outer zone that reaches 46 years lifetime.

A study was performed comparing the performance of UO2 and (Th,U-233)O2 fuel in small long-life PWR. The neutronic calculation carried out by PIJ module of SRAC2006 was done to a fuel cell in 10 years of operation. The calculation was conducted by varying the enrichment of U-235 in UO2 and U-233 in (Th,U-233)O2 for 1% - 20% and also by varying the fuel volume fraction for 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, and 60%. The performance was observed by comparing the enrichment needed by each fuel type to gain criticality in 10 years, the infinite multiplication factor (k-inf) value, and the conversion ratio (CR) value. The calculation results showed that 60% fuel volume fraction gave critical conditions with the lowest infinite multiplication factor and highest conversion ratio for both fuel types. While in terms of fissile nuclide enrichment needed, (Th,U-233)O2 had better performance than UO2, because only 5% U-233 was needed in (Th,U-233)O2 while UO2 needed 9% U-235 to gain criticality in 10 years of operation.

<p class="AbstractText"><span lang="EN-AU">This study aims to determine the use of iron sand extract and cashew nut shell activated charcoal in the capacitor manufacturing process and determine the effect of grain size on the capacitor capacitance with electrodes from a composite of iron sand extraction and activated charcoal from cashew nutshells. The sample preparation of cashew nutshell activated charcoal was carried out by carbonation and activation methods at a temperature of 700 ⁰C and continued by extracting iron sand. The results of the iron sand extract were then crushed using a mortar, followed by varying the mass fraction of iron sand starting at 40%, 60%, and 80% for each particle size (60 mesh, 100 mesh, and 200 mesh). Then composite the iron sand extract and activated charcoal mixed for 4 hours, and added 0.7 mL of LiNO₃ 1M solution. The analysis showed that the highest specific capacitance was found in the 200 mesh grain size, namely 0.0695 F/g.</span></p>