PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, TOTAL PHENOLICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE GABIROBA PULP AND RESIDUEABSTRACT -The Brazilian Cerrado has a wide range of fruit species that have not been sufficiently studied regarding their physical, chemical and functional characteristics. This study aimed to measure the physical characteristics of gabiroba tree's fruits and analyze the proximate and mineral compositions, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the gabiroba pulp and residue. The physical characteristics of greatest variability were pulp and fruit mass, especially the high pulp yield (46.24%). Gabiroba pulp and residue have high moisture and dietary fiber contents and considerable iron amounts. The gabiroba residue showed higher content of phenolic compounds (1787.65 mg AGE.100g , respectively) are higher than those of many fruits traditionally consumed. The total phenolic content showed a strong correlation (r = 0.9723) with antioxidant activity. The results indicate promising prospects for the use of the whole fruit of gabiroba tree due to its appreciable content of nutrients and phenolic compounds, and its antioxidant activity.

Compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de pseudofrutos de caju arbóreo do CerradoBioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of arboreal cashew pseudo-fruit from Cerrado RESUMO Este trabalho analisou a composição centesimal, o conteúdo de vitamina C e de compostos fenólicos, e avaliou a atividade antioxidante de pseudofrutos de caju arbóreo do Cerrado, provenientes de três regiões do estado de Goiás. Os pseudofrutos apresentaram elevados teores de umidade (superiores a 80 %) e baixos teores de proteínas, lipídios, cinzas e carboidratos totais. Os pseudofrutos das regiões de Faina e Santa Terezinha podem ser considerados ricos em vitamina C. Os teores de compostos fenólicos observados nos pseudofrutos foram superiores ao de frutas como cajá, abacaxi e tamarindo. Estes compostos apresentaram atividade antioxidante relevante pelo método DPPH, e o consumo do pseudofruto de caju arbóreo pode ser recomendado como fonte complementar de antioxidantes dietéticos. Palavras-chave. Anacardium othonianum Rizz., composição centesimal, vitamina C, fenólicos, antioxidante.