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This training study combines within-subjects comparisons of several literacy tasks with individual case studies of children with dyslexia over a five-month reading intervention. It was hypothesized that 12 first- and second-grade children with deficits in phonological processing could be taught to use phonological recoding strategies through direct-instruction tutorials. Training included (a) phonological awareness in the form of instruction in segmenting and spelling, (b) letter-sound associations, and (c) guided reading using both phonics-controlled and narrative-controlled text. As a group, the children made significant gains in standard scores on sight-word reading, nonword reading, and spelling. After training, contrary to previous descriptions of children with dyslexia, nonword reading was at least as strong as sight-word reading for the group and for eight of the 12 individual children. There was a great deal of variation in individual response to treatment, with less progress for children with concomitant deficits in phonological awareness and phonological coding in lexical access as measured by rapid continuous, or serial, naming.

Approximately one year after discharge from postacute rehabilitation, 47 severely head-injured patients showed physical, cognitive, subjective, emotional and behavioural changes from their preinjury status, according to relatives/carers. Negative symptoms were prominent, and were related to employment status, overall rehabilitation status and relatives'/carers' levels of stress and psychological morbidity.

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Aim To determine patient/carer expectations of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and short‐term satisfaction, to assess the efficacy of CGM in improving: fear of hypoglycaemia and glycaemic control (HbA1c, ketosis, hypoglycaemia) and to determine time requirements of diabetes clinic staff in commencing and administering CGM. Methods We assessed CGM‐naïve patients starting on CGM at a Sydney Diabetes Centre following the introduction of a nationwide government subsidy for CGM. A standardised questionnaire was administered collecting demographic and glycaemic information in addition to Likert scale assessment of expectations and satisfaction. Clinic staff reported time dedicated to CGM education, commencement and follow‐up. Results A total of 55 patients or parents/carers completed baseline questionnaires, with 37 completing a 3‐month follow‐up questionnaire. There were high expectations of CGM prior to commencement and high satisfaction ratings on follow‐up. CGM improved fear of hypoglycaemia, and total daily insulin dose increased after commencement of CGM. There was a trend towards lower HbA1c that was not statistically significant and no statistically significant reduction in ketosis or hypoglycaemia. Comments were mostly positive, with some concern raised regarding technical issues and a lack of subsidy after 21 years of age. Staff time requirements were substantial, with an estimated average of 7.7 h per patient per year. Conclusions Patients and families have high expectations of CGM, and satisfaction levels are high in the short term. Total insulin delivery increased after CGM commencement. Time requirements by staff are substantial but are worthwhile if families' overall satisfaction levels are high.