SAMMENDRAGNorske mannlige kunstnere har jevnt over høyere inntekter enn kvinnelige kunstnere, men hva denne inntektsulikheten kan skyldes er lite dokumentert. I denne artikkelen gjøres en analyse av data fra en spørreundersøkelse blant norske kunstnere som viser at omtrent halvparten av inntektsulikheten henger sammen med at menn og kvinner velger ulike kunstneryrker, samt med ulikhet i arbeidstid og arbeidserfaring. Studier som omhandler inntektsforskjeller mellom menn og kvinner i andre yrker, viser tilsvarende mønster, men: Det kjønnede inntektsgapet ser ut til å vaere betydelig større blant kunstnerne enn i befolkningen ellers, selv når tilgjengelige relevante bakgrunnsvariabler er kontrollert for. I artikkelen argumenteres det for at det kjønnede inntektsgapet kan forstås ut fra noen saeregenheter ved kunstneryrket, og at kunstfeltet kan se ut til å vaere preget av et dobbelt likestillingsparadoks: samtidig som forestillinger om talentet som er uavhengig av sosiale strukturer (som kjønn) og idealer om individuell frihet og autonomi står sterkere i kunstneryrkene enn i de fleste andre yrker, ser inntektsulikheten mellom menn og kvinner i kunstneryrkene ut til å vaere enda tydeligere enn i yrkesbefolkningen ellers. Tidligere studier av kjønnsulikhet på spesifikke kunstområder kan bidra til å forstå hva den uforklarte ulikheten i inntekt mellom mannlige og kvinnelige kunstnere kan skyldes. Nøkkelord kunstnere, kjønn, inntekter, inntektsulikhet, det doble likestillingsparadoksetThis article is downloaded from www.idunn.no.ABSTRACT Norwegian male artists have generally higher incomes than female artists. There is little evidence of what causes this income gap. The analyses in this article, based on data from a survey of Norwegian artists, indicate that about 50 % of the income inequality between male and female artists can be explained by background variables such as working hours and artistic occupation. Studies of income differences between men and women in other occupations show similar patterns. However, the gendered income gap appears to be significantly larger among artists than in the general working population, even when available relevant background variables are controlled for. The article argues that this gendered income gap can be understood on basis of some peculiarities of artistic occupations, and that the art field may be characterized by a double equality paradox: Despite ideas that talent is independent of social structures (such as gender) and ideals of individual freedom and autonomy are stronger in the artistic professions than in most other occupations, income inequality between men and women in artistic professions appears to be even larger than in the other occupations. Earlier studies of gender inequality in specific art areas can help to understand what might cause the unexplained inequality in income between male and female artists.
In this article, we explore whether there are systematic patterns in Norwegian artists' attitudes to their own artistic work, income, entrepreneurship and economic profit. Furthermore, we explore what characterizes artists with different attitudes to these issues and how these attitude patterns can be understood in light of Norwegian artists' work and income situation and the implemented politics. We use multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and cluster analysis (AHC). Our MCA analysis reveals that there is a distinct opposition between market-positive and-negative artists. On the other hand, the AHC shows that only a few artists have positive attitudes to this topic, a somewhat larger proportion is described as negative, but neutral attitudes dominate. In other words, despite the fact that the majority of the artist population have low artistic income, it appears that political suggestions that artists should be entrepreneurs with the aim of economic gain, is something in which Norwegian artists are not very interested.
Dette verket, tilgjengelig fra https://oa.fagbokforlaget.no, omfattes av åndsverksloven og er lisensiert under følgende Creative Commons lisens: Creative Commons Navngivelse-IkkeKommersiell 4.0 Internasjonal (CC BY-NC 4.0).
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