Warfarin has been successfully used in the medical management of thromboembolic disease for nearly six decades. It is widely assumed that a dietary vitamin K–warfarin interaction exists. To avoid this potential interaction, patients typically receive instructions to consume a constant dietary intake of vitamin K, and sufficient data exist to suggest that a constant dietary intake of vitamin K that meets current dietary recommendations of 65 to 80 mg/day is the most acceptable practice for patients on warfarin therapy. Data concerning the vitamin K content of commonly consumed foods, however, are not readily accessible to clinicians and patients. An understanding of the dietary vitamin K‐warfarin interaction, and dietary sources and usual intakes of vitamin K may facilitate successful anticoagulation for patients being treated with warfarin. ▪ Key Words: vitamin K, warfarin, anticoagulant phylliquinone

Objective. To identify the methods used by US colleges and schools of pharmacy to prepare student pharmacists for academic careers.Method. An 18-item survey instrument was developed and distributed to US colleges and schools of pharmacy. Representatives were asked about faculty responsibilities, experiences in academia currently offered to student pharmacists, and representatives' perception of their student pharmacists' preparedness for careers in academia, including barriers in current programming. Results. Representatives from 96 colleges/schools responded. The vast majority (96%) provided academia-focused advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs), 40% provided didactic coursework in academia, 28% offered a longitudinal research track, and 42% offered academia-focused independent studies. Teaching methods and creating learning objectives were the most common pedagogical content, while assessment activities were diverse. Time was the most prevalent barrier to providing training for academic careers; however, degree of student pharmacist interest, faculty inexperience, and lack of leadership support were also commonly reported. Conclusions: Colleges and schools of pharmacy vary in the extent to which they prepare student pharmacists for careers in academia. Advanced pharmacy practice experiences were the most common method of training offered. Standardization of training for academia may better promote this career path to student pharmacists.

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Soy can improve blood lipid parameters in both normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic subjects, although the use of soy alone may not allow patients with hyperlipidemia to achieve target lipid parameters, as indicated by the National Cholesterol Education Program. Further study is warranted for the use of soy in combination with traditional hyperlipidemic medications.

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