Spatial and temporal analysis of the LST-NDVI relationship for the study of land cover changes and their contribution to urban planning in Monte Hermoso, Argentina AbstractThe aim of this work was to study the spatial distribution of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and its relationship with diverse urban land covers and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The study area was Monte Hermoso city, which is located in the southwest of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. To obtain the LST and NDVI parameters, satellite images from LANDSAT 5 TM and LANDSAT 7 ETM+ sensors were seasonally processed for the period 2008-2012. Visual interpretation techniques and empirical intervention were applied to design an urban land cover map on which LST and NDVI were analyzed by tracing four transects oriented in latitudinal and longitudinal directions. Each urban cover presented a particular behavior of these parameters. Furthermore, significant results for the relationship between LST and NDVI were observed (with α 0.1 and 0.05) with R 2 , Pearson, and Spearman indices values higher than 0.7. Finally, LST variation in diverse land covers was observed as a consequence of urban growth and the alteration of the vegetation coverage. Therefore, it was concluded that the spatial and temporal variation of LST values may indicate modifications in urban land covers. The information obtained in this study would be a useful tool to guide future urban management studies and policies. Keywords: Land Surface Temperature (LST); Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); seasonal distribution; satellite imagery processing; Monte Hermoso Resum. Anàlisi espacial i temporal de la relació TST-NDVI per a l'estudi dels canvis de cobertura del sòl i la seva contribució per a la planificació urbana (Monte Hermoso, Argentina)L'objectiu d'aquesta investigació va ser estudiar la distribució espacial de la temperatura de superfície terrestre (TST), la seva relació amb diferents cobertures del sòl urbà i l'índex de vegetació de diferència (NDVI). L'àrea d'estudi seleccionada va ser la ciutat costanera de Monte Hermoso, localitzada al sud-oest de la província de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Per fer-ho, es van processar imatges satel·litàries LANDSAT 5 TM i 7 ETM + per al període 2008-2012 de manera estacional. Amb aquestes imatges es va calcular la TST i l'NDVI. Posteriorment, es van aplicar tècniques d'interpretació visual i es van fer sortides al camp per dissenyar un mapa de cobertures del sòl urbà. Sobre aquestes, es va analitzar la variació de la TST i l'NDVI mitjançant el traçat de quatre transsectes orientats en sentit latitudinal i longitudinal. Cadascuna d'aquestes cobertures va presentar un comportament particular dels paràmetres calculats. D'altra banda, es van observar resultats significatius de la relació TST-NDVI (amb α de 0,1 i 0,05), amb valors de R 2 , índexs de Pearson i Spearman més grans de 0,7. Finalment, es va evidenciar que el canvi en les cobertures del sòl, producte del creixement urbà, va modificar els valors estacional...

Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) studies how institutions (the rules of the game of a society) determine the performance of a social-economic system. Elinor Ostrom extends the institutional analysis to the collective action for a particular case, the study of the social-ecological systems (SESs) (Ostrom 1990). Any group that attempts to manage a common resource (e.g. aquifers, pastures) for optimal sustainable production must solve a set of problems in order to create institutions to facilitate collective action. Some evidences show that following a set of design principles in creating institutions can lead to overcome these problems. The aim of the paper is to apply the SES framework to an artisanal fishery community in Argentina in order to: 1) describe the principal features, key variables and relations of the small-scale fishery system; 2) detect the principal drivers of a potential common-management and the leading detractors from the current communal performance; and 3) analyze the possibility that a self-governing for sustainable fishery may appear. Several drivers for potential common-management and some detractors from the current common performance are summarized. Artisanal fishery SES is currently at a bifurcation point. A common historical and cultural root, the presence of leaderships, the relevance of local knowledge, the dependence on the resource to sustainable livelihoods and the threat of big-scale fisheries area have generated incentives to collectiveaction. But, simultaneously, internal conflicts are the most important barrier for an integrated community-based management. The heterogeneity among actors and the relevant external conditions have resulted in two groups diverging in their self-organization. The work is framed by the project COMET-LA (COmmunitybased Management of Environmental challenges in Latin America; European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme of Research and Development), which aims to identify sustainable community-based governance for the management of natural resources that can be used in different social-ecological systems in a context of climate change and increasing competition in the use of resources.

No abstract

No abstract