Objective: Determine the prevalence of drug abuse among pregnant women. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 394 pregnant women who use the primary health care service. The dependent variable was the use of drugs during pregnancy and independent variables were: socioeconomic and obstetrics-related data. Results: The prevalence of drug abuse among pregnant women was 18.28%. Multivariate logistic regression indicates the following significant variables: years of education, participation in a pregnancy group and healthcare professional orientation as to the risk of using drugs during pregnancy. Conclusion:The results indicate the predominance of young mixed-race pregnant women, with low educational level, income of up to three minimum wages and who use drugs, the most common being cigarettes, followed by alcohol. Illegal drugs used were cocaine and its derivate, crack, as well as marihuana. ResumoObjetivo: Determinar a prevalência do uso de drogas de abuso por gestantes. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 394 gestantes usuárias de serviço de atenção primária. A variável dependente foi o uso de drogas de abuso durante a gestação e as variáveis independentes foram: socioeconômicas e obstétricas. Resultados: A prevalência do uso de drogas ilícitas entre gestantes foi de 18,28%. A regressão logística multivariada indicou como variáveis significativas: anos de estudo, participação em grupo de gestante e orientação de profissional de saúde quanto ao risco de usar drogas de abuso durante a gestação. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam a predominância de gestantes jovens, pardas, com baixa escolaridade e renda de até três salários mínimos e que faz uso de drogas de abuso, sendo que a mais utilizada o cigarro, seguido do álcool. As drogas ilícitas utilizadas foram a cocaína e seu derivado o crack e a maconha.
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