Both types of diabetes are associated with higher incidence of some types of cancer. Treating cancer in diabetic patients without aggravating diabetes-related complications is a challenge for clinicians. Additionally, little is known about how diabetes affects the treatment of cancer. One of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs is cisplatin, which is nephrotoxic. Studies suggest that diabetes acts as a protective factor against the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin, but the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated yet. This renal protection has been attributed to decreased accumulation of cisplatin in the kidneys, which could be associated with deficient active transport of proximal tubular cells or to pharmacokinetic alterations caused by diabetes. However, it is uncertain if diabetes also compromises the antitumor activity of cisplatin. To address this issue, we developed a mouse model bearing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, Sarcoma 180 and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Four groups of treatment were defined: (i) control, (ii) diabetic, (iii) cisplatin and (iv) diabetic treated with cisplatin. The following parameters were evaluated: renal function, oxidative stress, apoptosis, renal histopathology, tumor remission, survival rate, genotoxicity and platinum concentration in tumor and several organs. Results indicate that diabetes protects against the renal damage induced by cisplatin, while also compromises its antitumor effectiveness. This is the first study to demonstrate this effect.
Resumo Objetivo Analisar a tendência de mortalidade entre motociclistas perante os acidentes de transportes e traçar o perfil demográfico das vítimas. Método Estudo de série histórica que busca avaliar a variação média dos óbitos entre motociclistas nas macrorregiões brasileiras; correlação entre óbitos e a frota circulante; taxas brutas e padronizadas da mortalidade segundo faixa etária, sexo, etnia, escolaridade e acidente de trabalho. Resultados Observou-se aumento significativo na tendência de mortalidade entre motociclistas nas macrorregiões brasileiras (p-valor <0,001). Pela apreciação das taxas brutas e padronizadas de mortalidade entre motociclistas, é possível afirmar que os óbitos concentram-se nas macrorregiões Centro-Oeste, Nordeste e Norte. O perfil predominante foi homem jovem, pardo e com baixa escolaridade. Os acidentes de trabalho foram ignorados (57% a 70%) das notificações. Observou-se forte correlação entre o aumento da frota circulante e o incremento nas taxas de óbitos entre motociclistas no Brasil (0,981; p <0,001). Conclusão Trata-se de um crescente problema de saúde pública, que acomete principalmente jovens em vulnerabilidade social. A massificação da frota e o aumento do agravo remetem à responsabilidade do Estado em estabelecer ações intersetoriais que reduzam a vulnerabilidade sobre duas rodas.
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