association between being a woman and abuse victim (p=0,0011) and parent violence (p=0,02) and a trend between being a man and suffering neglect (p=0.008).: Male and female patients suffered different forms of violence. There was clear gender violence in female victims of abuse and in men violence outside of the domestic environment.
ResumenIntroducción: El Estado Paraguayo tiene una deuda pendiente con los indígenas en políticas públicas de combate a la pobreza extrema, a la que se suma los problemas graves de salud, como la enfermedad de Chagas cuyo vector es el Triatoma infestans. Objetivo: Determinar las características de una vivienda mejorada que limite la infestación doméstica por Triatoma infestans desde la perspectiva de los pobladores indígenas. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron: encuesta de hogares, grupos focales, y entrevistas en profundidad a actores clave. Resultados: Fueron encuestados los jefes de hogares de 270 viviendas, de las cuales el 85% (230) tenía materiales no resistentes ni sólidos o de desecho al menos en uno de los componentes o en todos. El 86,3% (233) de los jefes y jefas de hogar manifestó querer mejorarlas, y la falta de ingresos suficientes al hogar puede considerarse la principal limitante para ello. Conclusiones: Al proyectar en forma gráfica las viviendas mejoradas o ideales, desde su perspectiva, las familias indígenas estudiadas mostraron que las viviendas de los menonitas y las de aquellos llamados paraguayos (población paraguaya no indígena que habita la zona) reunían las características físicas que limitaban el hospedaje al vector y se adecuaban al medio ambiente.Palabras clave: Triatoma infestans; Reinfestación; Vivienda; Enfermedad de Chagas (Fuente: DeCS BIREME).
Abstract
Introduction:The Paraguayan State has a pending debt with indigenous people regarding public policies to combat extreme poverty, in addition to serious health problems, such as Chagas disease with Triatoma infestans as its vector. Objective: To determine the characteristics of an improved dwelling that limits the domestic infestation by Triatoma infestans from the indigenous perspective. Methodology: A descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach was conducted. The instruments of data collection were: household survey, focus groups, and in-depth interviews with key actors. Results: Household heads of 270 dwelling were surveyed, of which 85% (230) had nonresistant or solid or waste materials in at least one of the components or at all. 86.3% (233) of the heads of household indicated that they wanted to improve them, and the lack of sufficient income for the household could be considered the main limitation. Conclusions: When projecting graphically the ideal or improved housing, from their perspective, the studied indigenous families showed that the housing of the Mennonites and the so-called Paraguayans (non-indigenous Paraguayan population inhabiting the same area) gathered the physical characteristics that set the boundaries to limit the accommodation of the vector, and were adequate for the environment.
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