This study examined the spatial and temporal patterns of the canopy layer urban heat islands (UHIUCL) in a small city in southeastern Brazil using the local climate zone (LCZ) system. We analysed the influence of weather conditions, LCZs characteristics, and local surface relief on the UHIUCL magnitudes. Mobile traverses were used to measure air temperatures during representative nights of wet and dry seasons. Daily maximum magnitudes were observed in compact classes (LCZs 3 and 7) under ideal weather conditions (dry, clear skies, and calm) and higher anthropogenic heat release (weekdays). Seasonal effects on LCZ thermal differences were negligible. The peripheral landscapes were warmer than the city centre in both seasons. Among the warmer areas in the city, magnitudes in compact LCZs 3 and 7 were consistently higher than in LCZ 6. In general, representative sites of the main ‘built’ LCZs in the study area exhibit similar inter‐zone temperature patterns to those reported for cities of different sizes from tropical and midlatitude regions. Thermal contrasts of ΔTLCZ 3 − D in the study area reveal significant evidence that small cities can have as strong heat islands as bigger cities. These findings highlight the importance of the LCZ system to identify the main controlling factors driving such thermal differences and the need to extend the application of this approach in other South American cities to yield systematic data of UHIUCL for urban planning given the coming challenges of climate change over the region.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as intensidades do fenômeno da ilha de calor urbana em Sacramento (MG), cidade de pequeno porte que integra a Região Imediata de Uberaba (MG), com base nos princípios do sistema de classificação das Zonas Climáticas Locais. A fim de atender tal proposição, realizou-se uma articulação entre os dados obtidos na escala local (medidas móveis da temperatura do ar e metadados das propriedades da cobertura da superfície) com aqueles representativos da dinâmica atmosférica regional, de modo que fosse possível apreender as respostas dos condicionantes urbanos ao ritmo climático. No plano teórico, a investigação foi amparada pelo paradigma do Sistema Clima Urbano. Sob condição atmosférica ideal, verificou-se a formação de ilha de calor urbana com magnitude grande (5,1ºC) entre paisagens com diferenças substanciais de morfologia e material de superfície. Ademais, existe uma expressiva compatibilidade na termodinâmica das classes mais representativas da área de estudo com os padrões térmicos reportados em cidades de baixas e médias latitudes. De modo geral, admite-se que este estudo configura a primeira aproximação do uso da estrutura divisional das paisagens em Zonas Climáticas Locais para a compreensão da ilha de calor urbana em cidade tropical brasileira de pequeno porte.
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