RESUMOO pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas) é uma planta cultivada para a produção de biocombustível. O pericarpo é um coproduto com potencial para alimentação animal, e a presença de componentes tóxicos, principalmente ésteres de forbol, pode limitar sua utilização. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a toxicidade do pericarpo. Vinte ovinos foram distribuídos em quatro grupos um grupo-controle, que não recebeu a planta, e três experimentais, que receberam o pericarpo nas concentrações de 15% (G15), 30% (G30) e 45% (G45), durante 23 dias. Após o 10º dia, a ingestão do pericarpo promoveu redução do consumo de alimento, diarreia, desidratação e caquexia. Todos os grupos tratados apresentaram redução na concentração de fosfatase alcalina. Animais do G30 apresentaram redução na concentração de ureia e proteínas totais e elevação de potássio e sódio. No G45, houve aumento de aspartato aminotransferase, albumina, creatinina bilirrubina indireta e total. A avaliação anatomo-histopatológica revelou ascite, hidropericárdio, congestão no trato gastrintestinal e nos pulmões, edema pulmonar, aderências à parede torácica, degeneração hepática centrolobular e das células tubulares renais, pneumonia linfo-histiocitica e enterite linfoplasmocitária e histiocítica. À análise fitoquímica, constatou-se 0,3845mg de ésteres de forbol/g de pericarpo. Conclui-se que o pericarpo de J. curcas é tóxico, não sendo recomendado para alimentação de ovinos.Palavras-chave: pinhão-manso, planta tóxica, coproduto, biocombustível ABSTRACT Physic nut (Jatropha curcas) is a plant cultivated for biofuel production. Pericarp is a potential livestock food
The histopathological effects of the shells of J. curcas seeds on sheep were studied. Twenty 8-month-old clinically healthy male sheep were assigned to four groups of five animals each. Treatment groups received 15 (T1), 30 (T2) and 40% (T3) of their diet as shells of J. curcas seeds for 19 days, with the remainder of the diet as Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça. A control group received only grass. All animals that received diets with shells of J. curcas seeds had impaired appetite, loss of body condition, and depression. Generally, poorly formed wet faeces were produced in small quantities. On the 10th day of treatment, one T3 animal died. It exhibited dark and fetid diarrhoea, dehydration, nasal discharge, and severe breathing difficulty. Animals of the T1 group showed more remarkable changes than the animals from T2 and T3. Cardiovascular and digestive systems were the most affected. The changes in the respiratory tract included trachea and lungs full of froth, and firm, congested, and crackled lungs. Gastrointestinal tract changes were hyperemic mucosa in abomasum, congestion of intestinal serosa and mesenteric vessels, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, and congested bowel. In some animals, mucous exudate and bloody content were observed in the bowel. Light yellow transparent liquid containing fibrin was observed in the thoracic and abdominal cavities and pericardial sac. Less frequent findings included enlarged pre-scapular lymph nodes, suffusions in the serosa of the rumen, flaccid heart kidney congestion, and ulcers in the abomasum. The results showed that shells from J. curcas seeds are toxic to sheep with fatal consequences and that the degree of poisoning is dose-related.
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