Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are currently applied in the evaluation of different eventualities that risk population health or have a great expansion in the territory, as is the case of oil spills. This review aims to study the application of GIS in oil spills from the analysis of research articles. The PRISMA methodology and eligibility criteria were applied, which consisted of the periodicity of the publication, language, IMRD structure, accessibility and research topic. Finding a total of 52 articles, it was determined that the most sensitive areas are marine (High Seas), coastal (beaches, dunes and bays), tropical and rivers. Likewise, the causes of spills were the collision of ships and the rupture of pipes. In the same way, the most applied GIS software was identified, these being ArcGIS (38.5%), Google Earth (5.8%), QGIS (3.8%), SNAP (7.7), among others. It is worth mentioning that the data was validated using statistical analyzes and in situ data. It was concluded that the occurrence of spills in marine and terrestrial areas, are mostly caused by the transport and the state of hydrocarbon pipelines, identifying itself as the main program applied to ArcGIS and validating the results with different techniques depending on the article.

Nanomaterials (metals and metal oxides) synthesized by the green route, a method known as "biogenic" synthesis, have a wide field of applicability, highlighting their antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to study the antimicrobial potential of nanoparticles synthesized by biogenic route. The PRISMA methodology was applied in addition to different inclusion and exclusion criteria (language, periodicity, accessibility, relative importance), obtaining a total of 40 investigations. The research concludes the efficient applicability of silver (NPs Ag), iron oxide (FeO NPs) and zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents. Likewise, with a smaller size of nanostructures, efficient inhibitions are obtained, so its potential depends on the dimensions of the nanoparticle. Finally, it was possible to observe that the size of the nanomaterial depends directly on the reducer and precursor, however, it is recommended to expand the investigation, since conclusive resultswere not obtained at this point.

The green nanotechnology (biogenic method) is recognized for its broad advantages in different branches of the scientific field. In recent years, has been defined as an innovated field, related to the development of methodologies with little environmental contamination. In this research, the PRISMA methodology was applied, considered some selection criteria (Open access, language, quartile), obtaining a total of 31 investigation. This research concludes the direct influence of the extract and the size of the nanoparticles, and in that this factor is highly variable due to the dependence of its properties on their phytoconstituents and the territory. furthermore, a trend in the formation of spherically shape nanomaterials was identified. and finally, it is recognized that through the biogenic synthesis the formation of nanostructures was crystalline, obtaining a considerable level of purity in each nanoparticle considered.