Objective: to analyze the epidemiological and toxicological profile of suicide cases in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2017 and 2018. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study with data from police incident reports and state General Forensic Institute records; multiple correspondence analyses were performed and logistic regression models were built. Results: there were 2,564 suicides (11.3/100,000 inhabitants/year), mostly involving males (79.4%), and the 50-54 years age group (10.3%); the main method was hanging (72.5%); positive results for ethanol were found in 29.1% of cases and for other psychotropic drugs in 36.1% of cases; young people were 4.5 times (95%CI 2.7;7.7) and 2.4 times (95%CI 1.5;3.6) more likely to be the victims when there were positive results for an illegal substance or parental absence, respectively. Conclusion: male and adult victims predominated, hanging was the most common means, and, in one third of the cases, psychotropic drugs were present.
Objective To assess the epidemiological and toxicological profile of all suicide victims in 2017 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods The victims were classified by gender, age, parental absence, city, suicide form, death context, and toxicological results, using the police occurrences and the reports issued by the Instituto-Geral de Perícias do RS. Multiple correspondence analysis and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel X 2 test were used to evaluate associations between the parameters studied. Results There were 1,284 suicides (11.3 cases/100,000 inhabitants) in RS in 2017, 80% of which were men and 46% were young and old. Porto Alegre had the highest number of victims and the region of the Vale do Rio Pardo, the highest rate (20.8 cases/100,000 inhabitants). The hanging was the most used medium and the depression, the most mentioned context in the occurrences. The presence of ethanol was observed in 30% of the samples analyzed, with an adult male profile associated with the presence of other psychotropic substances, whose class was most frequently detected with anxiolytics. The nitrite was the most detected poison among the samples sent for this purpose. There was an association between parental absence and young people, between suicidal intoxication method and women and among young people and the presence of illicit compounds. Conclusion Mortality due to suicide continues to increase in RS, which, historically, has the highest Brazilian index. The information obtained in this study supports new research, promoting awareness raising, guidance to health services and the elaboration of more preventive public policies.
Introducción. La enfermedad de Chagas o tripanosomiasis americana es causada por el protozoo flagelado Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitido principalmente por insectos vectores (denominados popularmente en las diferentes zonas de la Región de las Américas “vinchucas”, “pitos”, “chinches”, “chirimachas” o “kissing bugs”). El parásito es transmitido por vía transplacentaria, transfusiones y, menos frecuentemente, por vía oral o trasplante de órganos. La implementación de políticas públicas y el manejo de la condición clínica requiere ser fortalecido debido a las dificultades diagnósticas y terapéuticas que presenta esta parasitosis sistémica. Para contribuir con ello, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) desarrolló una guía para el manejo de la tripanosomiasis americana. Objetivos. Sintetizar las recomendaciones incluidas en la Guía para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas, publicada por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud en 2018, con el fin de presentar el adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas y abordar aspectos sobre su implementación. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una síntesis de la guía y sus recomendaciones. Adicionalmente, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Lilacs, Health Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos y literatura gris de estudios desarrollados en las Américas con el fin de identificar barreras, facilitadores y estrategias de implementación. Resultados. Se presentan 10 recomendaciones aplicables a pacientes adultos y pediátricos con sospecha de enfermedad de Chagas, exposición a T. cruzi y diagnóstico confirmado de enfermedad de Chagas aguda, crónica y congénita. Se identificaron reportes que abordaron aspectos de implementación. Conclusiones. Las recomendaciones buscan proveer estrategias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos de la enfermedad de Chagas, así como consideraciones para su implementación.
Objetivo. Descrever o perfil toxicológico de todas as vítimas de suicídio no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 2017 a 2019. Métodos. Neste estudo descritivo e transversal, foram consultados todos os laudos periciais e as ocorrências policiais relacionados aos óbitos por suicídio no estado. Foram realizadas análises de correspondência múltipla e construídos modelos independentes de regressão logística, tendo como variáveis dependentes o etanol, os ansiolíticos, os antidepressivos, as substâncias ilícitas e os agentes tóxicos não medicamentosos. Resultados. Foram realizados 2 978 exames de alcoolemia, com resultado positivo em 28,5%. A chance de resultados positivos para alcoolemia foi 0,5 (IC95%: 1,1 a 2,2) vez maior para suicídio durante a noite, 1,0 (IC95%: 1,4 a 2,9) vez maior para suicídio aos finais de semana e 0,9 (IC95%: 1,3 a 2,7) vez maior na presença de antecedentes criminais. A pesquisa de psicotrópicos (2 900 amostras) detectou algum medicamento em 30,4%. Os ansiolíticos foram a classe mais frequente, com chance 1,5 (IC95%: 1,6 a 4,1) vez maior em mulheres e 0,8 (IC95%: 1,2 a 2,7) vez maior para suicídios ocorridos no outono-inverno. As substâncias ilícitas (n = 338) tiveram chance 4,1 (IC95%: 1,9 a 14,4) vezes maior de detecção na macrorregião de Pelotas em relação à de Passo Fundo e 1,2 (IC95%: 1,3 a 3,6) vez maior em pessoas com resultados positivos para etanol. Não houve diferença significativa entre adolescentes e adultos. Conclusões. Embora sem evidência de causalidade, os resultados mostram um vínculo entre o suicídio e diversos psicoativos. Os médicos legistas devem ser orientados quanto à necessidade de realização de exames toxicológicos em todos os casos de suicídio.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.