Согласно отчету Европейского отделения ВОЗ (в которое входит Российская Федерация) за 2016 г., существующая система здравоохранения не вполне успешна в работе с депрессией, необходимо создание доказательных подходов к ее лечению с применением стратегии поддержки и профилактики общественного здоровья. Эффективность и доступность населению профилактических мер также должны быть существенно повышены. Су ществующие проблемы побуждают искать пути автоматизации проектов в области охраны психического здоровья и разрабатывать новые формы диагностики и информирования. Исследования показывают, что анализ персональных страниц пользователей в социальных сетях может являться источником информации не только о Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 17-29-02225. Резюме Настоящее междисциплинарное исследование направлено на определение информативных признаков поведения русскоязычных пользователей социальной сети ВКонтакте в связи с уровнем выраженности у них признаков депрессии. В исследовании анализировались результаты опроса 1268 пользователей ВКонтакте (опросник депрессии А. Бека), которые предоставили доступ к информации своих профилей. Из них были сформированы три группы респондентов с разным уровнем выраженности признаков депрессии. C помощью методов машинного обучения, метода опорных векторов (SVM) и алгоритма случайного леса (Random Forest) были выявлены информативные лингвистические и поведенческие признаки депрессии у пользователей социальной сети ВКонтакте, сопоставимые с данными, полученными исследователями англоязычных респондентов других социальных сетей. Ключевые слова: депрессия, социальные сети, big data, машинное обучение, психическое здоровье.

The article explores stuttering in people of different age and its specific manifestation in different age groups. Stuttering has a complex psychological structure, which includes disturbance of speech fluency and personality disorders. Hence, stuttering (logoneurosis) may help to analyse a number of verbal practices. Understanding stuttering as an extreme form of impaired speech communication requires a comprehensive approach to its diagnostics and treatment. The article discusses the results of a 2018-2020 psychological and neuropsychological assessment of participants in a family group logopsychotherapy sessions in three different age groups. The family group logopsychotherapy included four major phases: diagnostics, the "recovery from stuttering" session, active group work phase and supporting work phase. The sessions involved parents and relatives of stuttering people in the entire multidimensional process of social rehabilitation. This had a positive impact on speech communication and the results of the therapy. The analysis of speech and personality changes in 29 stutterers aged 9-32 revealed significant changes in the functions of praxis, memory and speech after the course of family group speech therapy. Psychological analysis using standardized questionnaires, observation and projective methods have shown a significant improvement in the parameters of rigidity and self-assessment of the participants' emotional state. The study also revealed a number of differences between the participants of different groups, which is related to the composition and format of work in different years. In particular, in 2020, at the active stages of social rehabilitation, the group work shifted to the online conferencing platform Zoom.

The theoretical framework of this analytic study is based on studies in the field of film perception. Films are considered as a communicative system that is encrypted in an ordered series of shots, and decoding proceeds during perception. The shots are the elements of a cinematic message that must be "read" by viewer. The objective of this work is to analyze the existing theoretical approaches to using films in psychotherapy and education. An original approach to film therapy that is based on teaching clients to use new communicative sets and psychotherapeutic patterns through watching films is presented. The article specifies the main emphasized points in theories of film therapy and education. It considers the specifics of film therapy in the process of increasing the effectiveness of communication. It discusses the advantages and limitations of the proposed method. The contemporary forms of film therapy and the formats of cinema clubs are criticized. The theoretical assumptions and empirical research that could be used as a basis for a method of developing effective communication by means of films are discussed. Our studies demonstrate that the usage of film therapy must include an educational stage for more effective and stable results. This means teaching viewers how to recognize certain psychotherapeutic and communicative patterns in the material of films, to practice the skill of finding as many examples as possible for each pattern and to transfer the acquired schemes of analyzing and recognizing patterns into one's own life circumstances. The four stages of the film therapeutic process as well as the effects that are achieved at each stage are described in detail. In conclusion, the conditions under which the usage of the film therapy method would be the most effective are observed. Various properties of client groups and psychotherapeutic scenarios for using the method of active film therapy are described.

The unique experience of applying the strategic approach to psychotherapy of stut¬tering and results of using the most effective among selected psychotherapeutic techniques are presented in this paper. This article describes a structure of stutterers' psychological problem, traditional views on psychotherapy of stuttering and discusses how the speech therapists' and psychologists' mistakes lead to reinforcement of stutterers' problems. Results of psychotherapy with one stuttering client who was in treatment in accordance with selected direction and techniques are presented. Finally problems and perspectives of this research are discussed.

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