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Problem statement:We studied the Chromium (VI) removal capacity in aqueous solution by the litchi peel. Approach: We use the diphenylcarbazide method to evaluate the metal concentration. Results: The highest biosorption of the metal (50 mg L −1 ) occurs within 6 min, at pH of 1 and 28°C. According to temperature, the highest removal was observed at 40 and 50°C, in 45 min, when the metal (1 g L −1 ) was completely adsorbed. At the analyzed concentrations of Cr (VI), litchi peel, showed excellent removal capacity, besides it removes efficiently the metal in situ (100% removal, 5 days of incubation, 5 and 10 g of biomass). After 1 h of incubation the studied biomass reduces 1.0 g of Cr (VI) with the simultaneous production of Cr (III). Conclusion: The shell can be used to eliminate it from industrial wastewater.

Se determinó la bioadsorción de Cadmio (II) en solución por la biomasa celular de quince hongos, por el método colorimétrico de la ditizona. La biomasa de Mucor rouxii IM-80 fue más eficiente en la remoción de Cadmio (II) en solución (8.2 mg/g) seguida de M. rouxii mutante (7.1 mg/g), A. flavus I (5.9 mg/g) y Helminthosporium sp (5.4 mg/g). Para la biomasa de M. rouxii-IM-80, la mayor bioadsorción fue a pH= 5.0-6.0, a 28 o C durante 40 horas con 1.0 mg/200 mL de concentración inicial de Cadmio (II) y 80 mg/200 mL de biomasa celular. Se concluye que algunas biomasas fúngicas remueven eficientemente Cadmio (II) en solución y pueden utilizarse para descontaminar nichos acuáticos contaminados con este metal.

The objective of this work was to study the removal of chromium VI in aqueous solution by the fungus Penicillium sp. IA-, isolated from polluted air with industrial vapors. To obtain the fungal biomass, pre-inoculums were performed in thioglycolate broth from a strain isolated from vapours contaminated with Cr VI . The fungus was incubated for four weeks at ambient temperature, filtered, and washed three times with trideionized water. In preparing cellullar fractions, it was necessary to break the fungal cells with glass beads using a homogenizer being careful to keep the samples in frosty cold ice. To obtain the fungal biomass, the fungus was filtered and stored in an oven at °C, allowing it to dry for h. Removal of Cr VI in vitro was evaluated using different cellular fractions and dead fungal biomass. We determine the optimal characteristics for metal removal in the reaction mixture. Concluding that the ideal conditions for the removal of Cr VI in the cell extracts were °C and pH . , also we observ that the highest enzyme activity was in the mixed membrane fraction. In dead fungal biomass, the ideal conditions for removal of metal are °C and pH . .

The biosorption of As(III) on iron-coated fungal biomass of Paecilomyces sp. was studied in this work. It was found that the biomass was very efficient removing the metal in solution, using Atomic Absorption, reaching the next percentage of removals: 64.5%. The highest adsorption was obtained at pH 6.0, at 30°C after 24 hours of incubation, with 1 mg/L of modified fungal biomass.