Resumen Utilizando semillas colectadas en el Páramo de Rabanal (Boyacá-Colombia), se estableció un protocolo de multiplicación in vitro de B. glutinosa, especie útil para programas de conservación y restauración de ecosistemas paramunos. Durante el establecimiento de cultivos in vitro, un 57% de semillas asépticas se obtuvo con NaOCl al 5 y 10%, después de 30 días de cultivo en MS-1 el 61,4% de estas desarrollaron plántulas de apariencia normal; el 75% de los microtallos cultivados en MS/2+0,5 mg l-1 AIB, alcanzó una longitud promedio de 2,06 cm, formaron hasta 10 yemas axilares y de estos se individualizaron entre dos y cuatro brotes basales. El desarrollo de raíces fue simultáneo con la fase de multiplicación. Las plantas, mostraron un 94,4% de sobrevivencia durante la aclimatación en invernadero, en sustrato compuesto por tierra y capote (1:1). Este es el primer protocolo de micropropagación de melastomáceas nativas colombianas, de uso potencial en la restauración y conservación de ecosistemas alto andinos en estado de deterioro y vulnerabilidad.
The diploid yellow potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Phureja Group) is an important plant genetic resource. In this study, we report for the first time the characterization of anther development and pollen formation in the cultivar Criolla Colombia. The description of morphological and histological characters of buds and flowers at different developmental stages permitted to identify ten main stages, from the differentiation of the male cells of the sporangium, meiosis, microspores formation and maturation, to the release of mature pollen. In addition, the results provide a graphic guide of the development of the anther, through the sequential and orderly formation of the epidermis, the endothecium, the middle layer and the nutritive layer or tapetum. This microanatomical information will be useful for work focused on androgenesis and identification of gene regulation in floral biology and gamete formation. Therefore, this study determined that to efficiently obtain haploids, flower buds between 5 and 8.9 mm long (stage 6 to 8) should be used, in which tetrads and microspores are in the early uninucleate and binucleate stage.
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