Background Oral health of the mother-infant dyad is important to preserve general health. However, there are few instruments in Spanish for the evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices that determine this construct. Therefore, this research aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Maternal Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Questionnaire (CAPSOM in Spanish). Methods In this instrument development study that carried out in 2018–2019, involving pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 45 in the city of Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico. The sample size was calculated based on 10 women per questionnaire item (n = 10 k). The study used Cronbach’s alpha, the modified Lawshe test of validity criteria, factor analysis, and the level of difficulty and discrimination of the items. Results 207 women took part with their signed, informed consent (25 ± 6 years). The internal consistency of the instrument, both total and by dimension was α = 0.70, α = 0.66 knowledge, α = 0.74 attitudes, and α = 0.66 practices. Values of Content Validity Ratio’ ≥ 0.60 were obtained for the final 10 items and Content Validity Index’ = 0.90. The average difficulty index of items was 0.40, and there were significant differences (Kruskall–Wallis, p < 0.001) in the discrimination test. Factor analysis demonstrated three main components. Conclusions A valid and reliable 10-item Spanish questionnaire was designed to measure pregnant women’s oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices.
La lactancia materna (LM) tiene beneficios en la salud del binomio madre-hijo. El abandono y las barreras para realizar la práctica de amamantar se relacionan con cuestiones biológicas, ambientales, culturales, sociales e individuales, entre otras. Todas ellas tienen influencia del conocimiento y actitudes que se adquiere durante la vida. La población universitaria, es una generación de adultos que forman un criterio integral sobre LM en función de la dinámica social. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar el nivel de conocimiento y las actitudes de los estudiantes universitarios respecto a los beneficios de la lactancia materna en la salud. Se observó bajo nivel de conocimiento entre la población universitaria sobre aspectos de importancia tales como, la duración de la LM exclusiva, la reducción del riesgo en el desarrollo de obesidad, infecciones de oído, diarrea o alergias alimentarias, especialmente en estudiantes que no fueron del área de la salud. Respecto a las actitudes, se identificó una alta aceptación social de la práctica de la LM. Sin embargo, los estudiantes consideran a la alimentación con fórmula como una opción más práctica. Es necesario realizar investigaciones que integren diversos sectores de la sociedad que permitan explicar los cambios en acciones y comportamientos hacia la LM.
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