A root-knot nematode parasitising yakon (Polymia sonchifolia) in São Paulo State, Brazil, is identified as Meloidogyne inornata. The species is redescribed from this material and compared with the original description of M. inornata. The female perineal patterns have a distinct, high, dorsal arch composed of smooth to wavy striae, similar to Meloidogyne incognita. The female stylet is 15.0-17.0 μm long with the cone generally slightly curved dorsally and with well developed knobs. DGO is 3.5-4.5 μm. Males have a high, rounded, head cap that is continuous with the body contour and has a large, round, centrally concave, labial disc raised above the medial lips. The head region is never marked by incomplete annulations and the stylet is robust, 20.0-25.0 μm long, with a straight cone, cylindrical shaft with several small projections and pear-shaped, backwardly sloping knobs. The stylet length of second-stage juveniles is 10.0-13.0 μm, DGO is 2.5-3.5 μm, tail length is 35.0-58.0 μm and c = 6.7-13.9. Biochemically, the esterase phenotype I3 (= Y3) is species-specific and is the most useful character for differentiating M. inornata from other Meloidogyne species. Reproduction is by mitotic parthenogenesis, 3n = 54-58. In a soybean test, cv. Abura was susceptible and cv. LA411219 was highly resistant. As the type material is lost, a neotype female is formally designated.

Foram analisados 573 trabalhos de autores brasileiros ou publicados no Brasil que empregaram softwares sociométricos. O propósito foi descrever criticamente a trajetória do arranjo de sociometristas no país, que somou 1013 pesquisadores distribuídos em cinco componentes maiores, uma dezena de outros menores e uma maioria de inexpressivos. Como método, favoreceu-se uma abordagem objetivista, ancorada na teoria das redes e em postulados bibliométricos. "Leis" e hipóteses foram apresentadas, testadas e não refutadas: de Lotka, de Bradford, modelo de difusão, relevância dos Programas de Pós-Graduação, free-scale state, small world, homofilia e configuração centro-periferia. Os resultados levam à admissão que a produção sociométrica brasileira foi encontrada consoante às principais indicações teóricas, tanto bibliométricas quanto da análise de redes sociais. Contudo, registra-se que cada vez mais a sociometria se converte em uma ilustração da bibliometria, basicamente nas áreas de Administração, Ciências Contábeis, Turismo e de Ciência da Informação -declinante como novidade, e qualquer meta-análise mais aprofundada é inviabilizada pela parca caracterização estrutural dos arranjos estudados; a maioria em um corte transversal sobrepondo em um desenho único toda a dinâmica do arranjo. Dessas constatações, procurou-se dar conta de algumas alternativas à sociometria praticada no país e recomendar um modelo de pesquisa sociométrico mais rigoroso. Palabras clave: Sociometria -Pesquisa científica -Método quantitativo de pesquisa -Brasil.A total of 573 papers from Brazilians authors or published in Brazil using sociometric software's were analyzed. The purpose was to critically describe the trajectory of the arrangement of sociometrists in the country, which added 1013 researchers distributed in five major components, a dozen other smaller and a majority of expressionless. As a method, we favored an objectivist approach, anchored in the network theory and in bibliometric "Laws" hypotheses. Hypotheses were presented, tested and not refuted: from Lotka, from Bradford, diffusion model, relevance of Post-Free-scale state, small world, homophily and center-periphery configuration. The results lead to the admission that the Brazilian sociometric production was found according to the main theoretical indications, both bibliometric and social network analysis. However, it is recorded that increasingly sociometry becomes an illustration of bibliometrics, basically in the areas of Administration, Accounting, Tourism and Information Science -declining as a novelty, and any more in-depth meta-analysis is made unfeasible by the weak structural characterization of the studied arrangements; the majority in a cross-section overlapping in a unique design all the dynamics of the arrangement. From these findings, we tried to account for some alternatives to sociometry practiced in the country and to recommend a more rigorous sociometric research model.

Yellow (Cyperus esculentus) and purple (C. rotundus) nutsedges, and coffee senna (Senna occidentalis) are common weeds in the southern USA and each have been reported as alternative hosts for plant-parasitic nematodes. Our objective was to determine the host suitability of these weeds to plant-parasitic nematodes common in Florida agriculture and turfgrass systems. The root-knot nematode (RKN) species tested included Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. floridensis, M. graminis, M. hapla, M. incognita, and M. javanica. The host status of sting nematode, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, was also evaluated, but only on the nutsedge species. All RKN species evaluated reproduced on both nutsedge species and had a reproductive factor greater than one, except for M. graminis on yellow nutsedge. However, only M. hapla, M. javanica, and M. graminis induced visual galls on yellow nutsedge and only M. graminis caused galling on purple nutsedge. Meloidogyne arenaria and M. graminis reproduced at a greater rate on purple nutsedge than on yellow nutsedge. Both nutsedge species were good hosts to B. longicaudatus. Coffee senna was a host to M. enterolobii, a poor host to M. incognita, and nonhost to the other RKN species evaluated.

A necrotic leaf spot of Brazil wood trees is reported as caused by Pestalotiopsis maculans. This appears to be the first report of such a disease.

The Internationalization aspects of a Higher Education Institution can be evidenced through the decision-making process and the factors that attract (pull) students to a certain Federal Higher Education Institution and the factors that compel (push) students to leave their home countries (or provenance) according to educational aspirations. This study, in this sense, sought to verify which factors influenced former international students from the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI) linked to the Students-Graduate Agreement Program (PEC-G), also describing their impressions regarding the experience at UFPI. Data were collected through individual interviews and qualitatively interpreted through content analysis. The documentary analysis of the Institutional Development Plan (PDI) of UFPI was also used for the period between 2015 and 2019. The study of the decision-making process elucidated new notions regarding the impact of five factors (Effect of Country of Provenance, Effect of Host Country, Effect Institution of Destination, Image of the City, and Personal Reasons) in the choice of international students at UFPI, thus contributing to a better understanding: of the institutionalization of activities related to internationalization, of the internationalization background that influence the decision-making process, and of the expectations of international students from UFPI. I. INTRODUÇÃOA observação, sistematização e explicação da internacionalização das universidades públicas federais brasileiras é o leme que direciona o objetivo principal desta pesquisa, que é: analisar os antecedentes de internacionalização que impactam no processo decisório e impressões de alunos internacionais da Universidade Federal do Piauí vinculados ao PEC-G.E, em relação aos objetivos específicos da pesquisa, eles são: a) Identificar quais fatores influenciam estudantes internacionais a frequentar a UFPI; b) Identificar o processo decisório dos estudantes vinculados ao PEC-G; Karen da Rocha Oliveira et al.