School violence and bullying re worrying problems due to their growing prevalence and severe consequences for adolescent and youth health and wellbeing. Sociocultural factors can contribute to, complicate, and increase the cases of violence in classrooms and spaces related to educational centers. Transphobic violence in this article is defined as the type of violence suffered by transgender and nonbinary adolescents and youth as a manifestation of the problem of discrimination and hate against gender and sexual diversity. This work intends to study the complex sociocultural dynamics of violence detected in educational contexts affecting transgender and nonbinary adolescents and youth identified by recent high- impact studies. At the same time, we aim to fill the gap in the scientific literature on transphobic violence and articulate successful strategies to prevent and combat it. In this review, transphobic violence is defined as the violence affecting transgender adolescents and youth, continuous in time, influenced by peers, and taking place in spaces or realities related to educational centers. The reviewed studies point at the complexity of this kind of violence due to the combination of socio-personal factors and its variety in manifestations. Furthermore, we study the consequences of transphobic violence for the wellbeing and health of transgender and nonbinary adolescents and youth to deepen the knowledge of their mental health repercussions. We end by providing suggestions for how this problem can be prevented in educational environments, grounded on scientific evidence in the materialization of a transformative approach.

A partir del trabajo de campo realizado con la infancia en situación de calle en México Distrito Federal, mi intención al escribir este artículo es reflexionar sobre las representaciones que tanto niños, como niñas tienen acerca de sus madres y cómo estas, están íntimamente relacionadas con la construcción de la sexualidad femenina en la cultura mexicana, donde existen dos arquetipos representativos de las mujeres, hablamos de la “Malinche” y la “Virgen de Guadalupe”. Símbolos con connotaciones morales diversas que han configurado los mandatos de género en la sociedad mexicana. Un análisis desde la mirada feminista que pretende mostrar la relación existente entre la simbología de la sexualidad de las mujeres mexicanas, la figura maternal y las causas que intervienen en la decisión de niños y niñas a la hora de abandonar sus hogares. Una articulación necesaria a desentrañar  si entendemos que la intervención en Trabajo Social conlleva comprender la realidad y la  mirada de nuestros interlocutores.