Purpose of reviewThis review aims to describe the main concerns and controversies of ambulatory surgery in cancer patients while providing an overview of ambulatory cancer anaesthesia. Recent findingsCancer patients can undergo a variety of ambulatory surgeries. The introduction of robotic approach and the implementation of enhanced recovery programmes have allowed patients to avoid hospital admissions after more complex or invasive surgeries. In this context, the anaesthesiologist plays a key role in ensuring that the ambulatory surgical centre or the hospital-based ambulatory department is equipped for the perioperative challenges of the cancer population. Cancer patients tend to be older and with more comorbidities than the general population. In addition, these individuals may suffer from chronic conditions solely because of the cancer itself, or the treatment. Consequently, frailty is not uncommon and should be screened on a routine basis. Regional analgesia plays a key role in the provision of opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia.