The overactive bladder syndrome is a chronic medical condition that affects the quality of life of patients whether men or women, has a prevalence of 16.5%, however, it is known to increase with age, affecting up to 25% of women older than 65 years and up to 80% in the elderly. More than 90% of cases have no apparent cause.  The OAB (Overactive Bladder) It is a condition with characteristic symptoms of urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urge incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology. The different therapeutic steps are not always sufficient to restore the quality of life.

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The urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer, comprising approximately 90% of cases in the United States. The most common symptom of bladder cancer is macroscopic hematuria, increased urinary frequency, urgency, or irritative symptoms may occur. Generally, occurs in elderly people, about 9 out of 10 people are over 55 years old, with the average age at diagnosis of 73 years. Males are more likely than women to have this neoplasm with a probability of 1 in 27 (for women the probability is 1 in 89). Most bladder cancers begin in the inner layer, also called the urothelium or transitional epithelium. As it advances, it invades the layers of the bladder and can invade adjacent structures, often metastasizing to distant lymph nodes, bones, lungs or the liver. Among the cancers that originate in the bladder authors have: Urothelial carcinoma (transitional cell carcinoma), squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, sarcoma. Hematuria occurs in the majority of patients with urothelial carcinoma. Symptoms such as dysuria, frequency, urgency and pain may also occur, or it may also be asymptomatic.  In this case report, an atypical presentation of bladder cancer is shown, simulating the symptomatology of a Hyperactive Bladder Syndrome.