Plantulas de tomate. Foto: Álvarez-Herrera. Efecto del riego deficitario controlado en las tasas de crecimiento del fruto de pera (Pyrus communis L.), var. Triunfo de Viena Effect of controlled deficit irrigation on the fruit growth rates of the Triunfo de Viena pear (Pyrus communis L.) variety Frutos de pera en fructificación en Sesquilé (Cundinamarca). Foto: J.E. Vélez-Sánchez RESUMEN 'H RFWXEUH GH D DEULO GH VH UHDOL]y XQ H[SHULPHQWR GH ULHJR GHILFLWDULR FRQWURODGR 5'& HQ XQ cultivo de peral, variedad Triunfo de Viena que consistió en la aplicación de tres tratamientos de riego: el pri-PHU WUDWDPLHQWR HO FRQWURO UHJDGR GXUDQWH WRGR HO DxR DO GH OD HYDSRWUDQVSLUDFLyQ SRWHQFLDO (7F HO VHJXQGR 7 \ WHUFHU WUDWDPLHQWR 7 VH UHJDURQ GXUDQWH WRGR HO DxR DO GH OD (7F \ GXUDQWH OD HWDSD GH FUHFLPLHQWR UiSLGR GHO IUXWR DO \ GH OD (7F UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH /D (7R VH GHWHUPLQy PHGLDQWH OD ecuación de Penman-Monteith. Los resultados indican que ninguno de los tratamientos difirió significativa-PHQWH GHO FRQWURO HQ FXDQWR DO FUHFLPLHQWR GHO IUXWR REWHQLpQGRVH XQ DKRUUR GH DJXD GHO \ UHVSHFWR al control en el T1 y T2, respectivamente durante la aplicación diferencial del riego, siguiendo una curva sigmoide ajustada a una ecuación logística de tres parámetros. ABSTRACT )URP 2FWREHU WR $SULO DQ H[SHULPHQW ZDV FDUULHG RXW ZLWK GHILFLW LUULJDWLRQ 5'& LQ D FURS of the Triunfo de Vienna pear variety, which consisted of three irrigation treatments: control, irrigated WKURXJKRXW WKH \HDU DW RI WKH SRWHQWLDO HYDSRWUDQVSLUDWLRQ (7F WUHDWPHQWV 7 DQG 7 ZHUH LUULJDWHG WKURXJKRXW WKH \HDU DW (7F H[FHSW GXULQJ WKH SHULRG RI UDSLG IUXLW JURZWK ZKHQ DQG RI WKH (7F ZHUH XVHG UHVSHFWLYHO\ 7KH HYDSRWUDQVSLUDWLRQ (7R ZDV GHWHUPLQHG ZLWK WKH 3HQPDQ Monteith equation.The results indicated that none of the treatments differed significantly from the control LQ WHUPV RI IUXLW JURZWK \LHOGLQJ D ZDWHU VDYLQJV RI WR DV FRPSDUHG WR WKH FRQWURO IRU 7 DQG 7 respectively, with the differential irrigation application, following a sigmoid adjusted to a three-parameter logistic equation curve.

Plantulas de tomate.Foto: Álvarez-Herrera.Resultados preliminares del efecto del riego deficitario durante el periodo de crecimiento rápido del fruto de pera (var. Triunfo de Viena) en la producción y calidad del fruto Preliminary results of the effect of deficit irrigation during the rapid growth of the pear fruit on production and quality of Triunfo de Viena variety RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo se centró en estudiar la respuesta del peral (var. Triunfo de Viena) al riego deficitario durante la fase de crecimiento rápido del fruto. Para ello, durante la campaña 2011-2012, en una plantación de árboles adultos se aplicaron tres tratamientos de riego localizado. El tratamiento control (T0) se regó al 100% de la ETc durante toda la temporada, el T1 se regó como el control, excepto durante el periodo de crecimiento rápido del fruto, en el que se regó al 67% de la ETc, y el T2 que se regó al 100% de la ETc durante toda la temporada, excepto durante el mismo periodo que el T1 en el que se regó al 55% de la ETc. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos mostraron cómo, a pesar de la necesidad de su confirmación en ensayos posteriores, las condiciones ecuatoriales colombianas pueden permitir ahorros de agua de hasta un 30% durante la fase de rápido crecimiento del fruto, coincidente con el periodo de máxima demanda evaporativa, sin afectar la producción ni las características físicas ni químicas de los frutos.

The deficit irrigation controlled (RDI) as reducing water in phases of the crops where it is less sensitive to water stress, three different drip irrigation treatments were applied in pear tree crop of Triunfo de Viena variety. Control, irrigated throughout the year at 100% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc); 67%ETc and 55%ETc treatments were irrigated at 67 and 55% of the (ETc), respectively during the period of rapid fruit growth (from December 28, 2011 until February 29, 2012) and at 100% (ETc) during the rest of the season. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined by the Penman-Monteith, with hourly weather data collected in a nearby meteorological station. During the test total precipitation was 53.8 mm and the water application in the control treatments was 683.0 mm. The results indicate that none of the treatments differed significantly (P≤0.05) from control in terms of yield and quality, resulting in water savings of 33 to 45% in 67%ETc and 55%ETc respectively compared to the control. The vegetative growth of shoots had a behavior defined by a sigmoid curve fitted to a four parameter logistic equation, and it was significantly reduced in the 67%ETc and 55%ETc, respect to control, at the end of the restriction.

An experiment was conducted to study the behavior of three types of emitters used in Colombia under real-work conditions using water from the Neusa River, a tributary of the Bogotá River. The emitters included: an in-line turbulent-flow emitter (E1), an integrated turbulent-flow emitter (E2), and an integrated self-regulated turbulent-flow emitter (E3). The operation and quality of the emitters were evaluated taking into account the flow decrease trend over time (RF), the flow reduction percentage of the emitters (qr), the coefficient of variation (Cv), the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CU), and the emission uniformity (EU). The results indicated that the water quality in general affected the performance of the emitters over time, depending on the characteristics and properties of the emitters. The EU and CU decreased in the three emitter types as the experiment progressed and the Cv and qr increased. The E2 emitter showed a lower Cv and qr and a higher CU and EU than the E1 and E3 emitters.