PORMaría José CABALEIRO CASAL 1 y Carlos IGLESIAS MALVIDO 2 RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza una muestra de sociedades cooperativas gallegas para verificar si es posible inferir diferencias en las conductas financieras de los socios a partir de la cuantía del excedente contable. Con esta finalidad se añade al valor del excedente, el resultado de las variaciones registradas en determinadas partidas contables que incluyen otras rentas residuales. El reparto de dichas rentas revela que los socios no optan generalizadamente por la anticipación completa de las rentas residuales. Se deduce, por tanto, la existencia de empresas que escogen una estrategia de excedente positivo, diferente de la estrategia de excedente nulo planteada por la teoría financiera clásica. En la muestra seleccionada, las diferencias entre ambas estrategias son estadísticamente significativas, lo que abre la puerta, en futuros trabajos, a investigar qué factores pueden explicar la renuncia voluntaria de los socios a la percepción anticipada de todas estas rentas residuales. Tal conducta sólo se evidencia cuando se declara un resultado positivo, de ahí la utilidad del excedente contable en el análisis de la información financiera de la sociedad cooperativa.Palabras clave: Estrategias, participación, rentas residuales, estudio empírico, Galicia.Claves ECONLIT: P13, D70, G39, M19. (*) Queremos expresar nuestro agradecimiento a Julia Torralba y Antonio Vaamonde, por sus valiosos comentarios, y a los evaluadores anónimos por sus constructivas críticas. Agradecemos también al Registro Oficial de Cooperativas de Galicia la información proporcionada. ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyse a sample of Galician co-ops to verify whether or not it is possible to deduce different financial behaviours among co-op partners from the amount of net-surplus. To this end, our study adds net-surplus to the variation registered in some account entries so that other residual incomes yielded by the co-op may be considered. The distribution of these revenues shows that partners do not usually choose to fully anticipate residual incomes. This reveals that some firms follow a positive net-surplus strategy, which is actually different from the null net-surplus strategy asserted by the classical financial theory.Furthermore, results show that differences between both strategies are statistically significant.This opens a path to future research on determinants explaining why co-op partners voluntarily renounce to anticipating these residual incomes. Such behaviour only arises when yearly accounts render a positive result, thereby making the accounting net-surplus a useful tool to analyse financial information in co-op societies. INTRODUCCIÓNAtendiendo a los planteamientos de la teoría financiera clásica, el objetivo de la empresa ha de ser la maximización de la riqueza de sus socios (Suarez, 1993:35) que se traduce, en su aplicación a las sociedades cooperativas, en la maximización de la renta que perciben al realizar la actividad y, consecuentemente, en la minimización del excedent...
This paper analyzes how co-operative principles, particularly democratic management, affect the co-op’s economic objective. The theoretical model specifies the characteristics presented by the production function so democracy generates positive net income. Costs derived from maintaining the one person one vote criterion are explicitly incorporated into this function upon new membership. The results show that democracy contributes to the economic success when the decision-making strategy followed by the partners considers all cooperative principles, especially when a retained earnings policy is regularly applied. This study can be extended to all of Social Economy firms concerned about reinforcing democratic institutions through the business sector. This study can be extended to all of Social Economy firms concerned about reinforcing democratic institutions through the business sector.
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