Introduction: Air pollution (AP) significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a potent antioxidant with potential health benefits to people residing in poor air quality areas. Our study aimed to analyze animal studies conducted on rats and mice to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of NAC during exposure to air pollutants. Methods: A systematic search on two large databases was performed. Nineteen studies were included in this review following a screening of duplicates and a full-text review. Results: We found that NAC successfully ameliorates some pollution-associated inflammatory pathways. Discussion: NAC is a potential therapeutic drug against inflammatory pathologies caused by AP, although its role in human models requires further studies.

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