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Background Cognitive functioning is an important dimension among the elderly. Cognitive maintenance is vital for aging due to its association with autonomy and independence. Considering the importance of preventive programs in older adults’ health, this study aims to share an intervention protocol of a falls prevention program for community-dwelling faller older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods This is the protocol of an experimental and longitudinal study, consisting of cognitive stimulation associated with physical exercise in a 16-week fall prevention program. For cognitive intervention, the APG Cognitive Training Protocol will be used. Participants will be assessed pre-and post-intervention and will be randomly allocated to experimental or control groups. The screening protocol is composed of the TUG, FES-I, LAWTON & BRODY, ACE-R, GAI and fall survey instruments, focusing on the assessment of balance and mobility, fear of falling, performance on IADL, cognitive and anxiety tracking, respectively. Discussion This study can determine the long-term effects of multimodal cognitive training, providing evidence for its replication in the provision of care for the elderly. The objective is to promote improvements in the cognitive performance, mobility and balance of the elderly, with a focus on reducing the number of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and institutionalization, serving as an alternative to interrupt the cycle of falls. Trial registration The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings at the Federal University of São Carlos, CAAE: 3654240.9.0000.5504 and Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR—3t85fd, registered on the 25th of September, 2020.

BackgroundFalls among older adults can lead to negative consequences with physical, functional, social, and psychological functioning, and a high prevalence of mortality. However, it is still unclear whether case management can reduce the number of falls in this population.AimsThe aims of this review were to analyze the effects of case management on preventing falls and reducing risk factors for falls in older people.MethodsA systematic review was conducted, searching for and synthesizing clinical trials involving case management in older people who had falls or risk for fall outcomes. Two authors extracted data using predefined data fields, and risk of bias was assessed by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.ResultsTwelve studies were included in the final review. Case management in older people did not significantly reduce the number of falls, falls per person, or severity of falls compared to control groups. Adherence to recommendations in case management ranged from 25% to 88%.Linking Evidence to ActionThere is limited evidence of reduced rates of falls and specific risk factors for falls among people who received case management interventions. Randomized trials with good quality are needed.

The evolution of dementia is strongly related to cognitive, motor, and functional changes and to the presence of cardiovascular diseases. Disturbances vary according to phase of dementia and can limit instrumental and basic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to analyze the immediate physiological effects of listening to music before physical exercise in institutionalized older people with moderate to advanced dementia. A randomized trial was conducted with 18 institutionalized older people with dementia (mean age was 79 years old, 52.6% were female), who were divided into a Training with Music Group (TWMG) and a Training without Music Group (TWtMG). The evaluation included heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and HR variability (HRV). The assessment was conducted in a closed environment or in places with minimal visual and auditory stimulation. The TWMG was submitted to stimuli with music for 15 minutes and physical exercises for 30 minutes to improve/maintain their global mobility. The TWtMG performed the same physical exercises, however without music before physical exercise. The interventions lasted 12 weeks, and were performed individually once a week. In the TWMG, we observe a decrease in diastolic BP in the third session. In the sixth week, the HR increased after the session in both groups. TWMG improved HRV in the third session, with a difference between groups only after the session. After the sixth session, HRV values improved in both groups. In conclusion, listening to music before physical exercise is associated with positive effects in people with dementia, as it tends to maintain and improve physiological factors.

Background: Understanding the satisfaction with telerehabilitation as a positive evaluation of the individual about the service offered, this is a fundamental aspect to measure the quality of care and the relevance of these services provided. Objective: Compare the caregiver’s satisfaction to a telerehabilitation program and to a remote follow-up for families of elderly people with dementia. Methods: Randomized clinical trial, with blinding of the evaluator, controlled by two groups: Intervention (IG) and Control (CG). In the initial assessment, 10 caregivers of elderly people with dementia were included. The IG received the telerehabilitation program, with standardized physical exercise for the elderly and guidance to the caregiver. The GC had the monthly monitoring by phone calls. After 12 weeks, the caregiver’s satisfaction was assessed using an online questionnaire based on the Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction, with a score between 0 and 28. Results: Satisfaction of 10 caregivers was assessed so far, with 5 caregivers for each group. The average IG was 25.4 points, representing a positive differential of 12.9% in relation to the CG that reached an average of 21.8 points. Conclusion: The previous results in relation to the satisfaction of the telerehabilitation program suggest its potentiality as an aid in providing care to the elderly with dementia.