As prostitutas, mesmo estando informadas sobre as DST nos seus aspectos clínicos, sentem dificuldade na manutenção do uso do preservativo. Percebe-se que o fator econômico é sentido por elas de forma mais concreta do que a necessidade de cuidar de sua saúde. Assim, realizou-se este estudo com o objetivo de relatar a experiência de educação em saúde com prostitutas atuantes em Fortaleza no ambiente da sala de espera da consulta de Enfermagem em Ginecologia no ano de 2006. Participaram das oficinas 55 mulheres, distribuídas em seis dias. As oficinas foram divididas em cinco momentos: auto-valorização; exame ginecológico; auto-estima; concorrência, competição e autoconfiança; direitos das mulheres e violência contra a mulher. Verificou-se que o trabalho de educação em saúde em grupo de prostitutas viabiliza sentimento de inclusão social, eqüidade e auto-valorização, pois as participantes se identificaram entre si, refletindo a sua circunstância pessoal na condição de trabalho, vida e saúde. Fortaleceram as relações humanas e transformaram alguns conteúdos abordados em aprendizado.
The purpose of this study was to trace the contraceptive history of sterilized women and identify the associations between educational, sexual and obstetric variables and the women's age when they underwent the procedure for tubal ligation (TL). This is a retrospective documentary study performed at the Lígia Barros Costa Natural Birthing Center in Fortaleza, Ceará, with 1423 records, dating from 2005 to 2008, 277 of which referred to sterilized women. Data analysis involved applying the calculation of frequencies, Pearson's chi-square test and correlation of Pearson/Spearman. Sterilized women represented a population with low education, marital union, and a history of infrequent use of other contraceptive methods other than condoms and the pill. Numbers of pregnancies and abortions/miscarriages were related with the age of TL, unlike the variables of education and the age of the first sexual intercourse. With this knowledge at hand, nurses can improve their look towards women looking forward to TL, and thus strengthen education strategies and promote greater diversity in the alternatives for contraception.
RESUMOObjetivou-se identificar comportamentos e práticas sexuais de homens que fazem sexo com homens no contexto da vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS. Estudo transversal, exploratório descritivo. Foi realizado em um local de sociabilidade gay de Fortaleza, no Estado do Ceará, entre novembro de 2010 e março de 2011, por meio de entrevista com 189 homens que fazem sexo com homens. Encontrou-se uma amostra composta, majoritariamente, por jovens, solteiros e com alto nível educacional. A história sexual demonstrou o início precoce da vida sexual, com prevalência elevada de relação sexual com parceira do sexo oposto. Houve alta frequência de testagem para o HIV. As práticas sexuais revelaram prevalência superior da realização de sexo oral e anal, bem como altos níveis de proteção no sexo anal, apesar de baixa no sexo oral. Constatou-se uma maior incorporação das práticas de prevenção em relação ao panorama nacional do início da epidemia. Descritores: Comportamento Sexual; Homossexualidade Masculina; Fatores de Risco; Vulnerabilidade em Saúde; Enfermagem. ABSTRACTThe objective was to identify behaviors and sexual practices of men who have sexual relations with other men in the context of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. This was a cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive study. It was carried out in a gay sociability place in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, between November 2010 and March 2011, through interviews with 189 men who have sex with men. The ethical aspects were respected. We found a sample consisting mostly by young, single, and highly educated men. The sexual history demonstrated the early onset of sexual activity, with a high prevalence of sexual intercourse with a partner of the opposite sex. There was also a high prevalence of HIV testing. Sexual practices revealed high prevalence of performing oral and anal sex, as well as high levels of protection in anal sex, despite the low protection in oral sex. A greater incorporation of prevention practices was found compared to the national scene in the beginning of the disease outbreak. Key words: Sexual Behavior; Homosexuality Male; Risk Factors; Health Vulnerability; Nursing. RESUMENEl objetivo fue identificar los comportamientos y las prácticas sexuales de los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en el contexto de la vulnerabilidad al VIH/SIDA. Fue un estudio transversal, descriptivo y exploratorio. Se celebró en una sociabilidad local gay de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, entre noviembre de 2010 y marzo de 2011, a través de entrevistas con 189 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres. Se encontró una muestra compuesta en su mayoría por jóvenes, solteros y con alto nivel de educación. La historia sexual demostró el inicio temprano de la actividad sexual, la alta prevalencia de relaciones sexuales con una pareja del sexo opuesto. Hubo alta prevalencia de la prueba del VIH. Las prácticas sexuales revelaron una alta prevalencia de realizar sexo oral y anal, así como altos niveles de protección en el sexo anal, a pesar de la baja protección en el sexo oral. Se encontró una mayor incor...
Objective: To investigate the obstetric profile of women with tubal ligation and the existence of association with socio-demographic variables and sex. Methods: This is a quantitative and retrospective documentary study, developed in a Natural Birth Center in July 2008 in the city of Fortaleza-CE. The sample was composed by 277 medical records of patients who had tubal ligation. Results: There were a high number of pregnancies associated with: low education, early onset of sexual life, lack of prior use of reversible contraceptive methods, and high frequency of cesarean delivery and abortions. Conclusions: The profile found reaffirms the need of: strengthen the guidance and exchange of information on family planning among health professionals and their patients; encouraging male participation; and, guarantee access to the various contraceptive methods.
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