ResumoObjetivou-se caracterizar o perfil citológico broncoalveoar de equinos de policiamento portadores assintomáticos de Doença Inflamatória de Vias Aéreas (DIVA). Utilizaram-se 17 equinos adultos, machos e fêmeas, com idade entre 11 e 24 anos. Os animais que constituíram o grupo controle (oito) apresentaram-se normais ao exame físico, à endoscopia e à mensuração da diferença máxima de pressão intrapleural. No lavado broncoalveolar a contagem deveria ser de até 4%, 0,7%, 3,3% para neutrófilos, eosinófilos e células epiteliais e entre 17,0 e 56,7%, 29 e 75,7%, 0,7 e 13,7% para linfócitos, macrófagos e mastócitos, respectivamente. O grupo considerado doente (nove animais) apresentou achados compatíveis com afecções do trato respiratório posterior, pelo menos à endoscopia, além de uma contagem de neutrófilos maior que 5% e menor que 25%. O quadro assintomático de doença inflamatória das vias aéreas caracterizou-se por infiltrado neutrofílico, discreta redução no número de macrófagos, aumento no número de macrófagos espumosos, discreto infiltrado eosinofílico e aumento marcante no número de células epiteliais. Em face do caráter assintomático dessa enfermidade nos equinos de policiamento, a utilização do LBA como método de diagnóstico e acompanhamento é fundamental, pois permite reconhecer, tratar e determinar uma utilização mais racional desses animais, de modo a melhorar a qualidade de vida e prolongar a utilização dos mesmos em serviço. Palavras-chave:Citologia. Doença Inflamatória de Vias Aéreas. Equinos. Lavado broncoalveolar AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize the cytology profile of bronchoalveolar lavage from police horses with asymptomatic Inflammatory Airway Disease (IAD). Seventeen adult horses, males and females, with ages ranging from 11 to 24 years old were utilized. The control group (eight horses) presented vital signs within the physiologic range, normal pulmonary percussion and auscultation, no abnormalities at respiratory endoscopy and at the measurement of the maximal intra-pleural pressure difference. The cell count of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) should be up to 4%, 0.7%, 3.3% to neutrophil, eosinophil and epithelial cell, and ranging of 17.0 to 56.7%, 29 to 75.7%, 0.7 to 13.7% to lymphocytes, macrophages and mast cell, respectively. The diseased group (nine animals) presented findings compatible with lower airway disease, at least during endoscopy and showed a neutrophil counts above 5% and below 25%. Asymptomatic IAD was characterized by neutrophilic infiltrate, discrete reduction in macrophage count with increased number of foamy macrophages and discrete eosinophilic infiltrate and marked increase in the number of epithelial cells. Due to the asymptomatic character of IAD in police horses, BAL is the preferred diagnostic and follow-up method since it allows recognition of the disease, evaluation of treatment and helps the implementation of a graded and rational work regime that aims at improving welfare of those animals as well as extending their usage as patrolling horses.
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