Based on a deductive, culturally decentered approach, new items were generated to improve the reliability of the original Social Axioms Survey, which measures individuals’ general beliefs about the world. In Study 1, results from 11 countries support the original five-factor structure and achieve higher reliability for the axiom dimensions as measured by the new scale. Moreover, moderate but meaningful associations between axiom and Big-Five personality dimensions were found. Temporal change of social axioms at the culture level was examined and found to be moderate. In Study 2, additional new items were generated for social complexity and fate control, then assessed in Hong Kong and the United States. Reliability was further improved for both dimensions. Additionally, two subfactors of fate control were identified: fate determinism and fate alterability. Fate determinism, but not fate alterability, related positively to neuroticism. Other relationships between axiom and personality dimensions were similar to those reported in Study 1. The short forms of the axiom dimensions were generally reliable and correlated highly with the long forms. This research thus provides a stronger foundation for applying the construct of social axioms around the world.

Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.

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RESUMONos últimos anos tem-se verificado uma crescente produção de estudos bibliométricos em Administração sobre os mais diferentes assuntos. Qual a finalidade desses artigos? Que técnicas empregam? Essas e outras questões nos levaram a conduzir este estudo e reflexão. Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar e discutir a produção de estudos bibliométricos em Administração no Brasil, propondo uma reflexão sobre o emprego da bibliometria e sugerindo alternativas para o emprego de técnicas de forma que atendam a finalidade de subsidiar a pesquisa em Administração, vislumbrando possíveis avanços a serem feitos sobre um campo específico de estudo. O estudo consistiu em um levantamento de natureza biblométrica de artigos publicados em periódicos científicos brasileiros e enanpad. Os resultados mostraram que os artigos apresentam categorias que não são contempladas pela bibliometria, mostrando que as técnicas tradicionais da bibliometria não atendem completamente às necessidades dos pesquisadores que os realizam. Propõe-se, assim, a adequação do método, fazendo uma transposição de finalidade, abarcando análises e reflexões sobre o conhecimento dominante que abrigam o não hegemônico. Palavras-chaves: bibliometria; Administração; reflexão. ABSTRACT In recent years there has been an increasing production of bibliometric studies in Business Administration