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This study analyzed the association of adaptive and maladaptive dimensions of perfectionism in women with eating disorders (ED), risk of ED, and inherent features of ED. The sample included 246 women aged between 13 and 19 years divided into three groups: with ED (n = 59), in risk of ED (n = 17), and without ED or risk (n = 170); for group assignation participants were interviewed with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). Participants completed the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3) and the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R). According to the models that state the existence of two well defined dimensions of perfectionism, adolescents in risk of ED and with ED got higher scores in Discrepancy (maladaptive dimension), but not in High standards (adaptive dimension). Besides positive associations were found between Discrepancy and all scales of EDI-3, except for Maturity fears; however also in the ED group positive associations were found between High standards and Order with Drive for thinness, result that do not allow to confirm the adaptive value of these two latter dimensions of perfectionism among adolescents with ED.

Abstract. The aim of the study is to compare habits, behaviours and eating attitudes, as well as the degree of satisfaction with body image present in female and male students from high schools in Buenos Aires (Argentina). Also, to identify those adolescents who present eating disorders. A two-stage study was carried out with a sample conformed by 454 female and male students, between 13 and 18 years of age, from four high schools. In the first stage, the subjects voluntarily completed the following instruments: Sociodemographic and specific symptoms of eating disorders questionnaire,  Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). In the second stage, a semi-structured interview based on Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) was conducted with each of those students identified like "probable cases", in order to confirm or not the presence of an eating disorder. When compared both groups, there was found a significantly higher proportion of female students that are unsatisfied with their body image, went on a diet the last year, and self-induced vomiting in order to maintain or lose weight. Female students show significantly higher scores in five subscales of EDI-2 (“Drive for thinness”, “Bulimia”, “Body dissatisfaction”, “Ineffectiveness” and “Interoceptive awareness”).However, male students show a significantly higher score in “Perfectionism”. Finally, it was determined that a significantly higher proportion of female students present some type of eating disorder: (14.1% vs. 2.9%). Key Words: Eating disorders, prevalence, Argentina, females/males  Resumen. El presente estudio se propone comparar hábitos, conductas y actitudes alimentarias, así como grado de satisfacción con la imagen corporal que presentan mujeres y varones de escuelas medias de Buenos Aires (Argentina). También estimar la prevalencia de trastornos alimentarios. Se trata de un estudio de doble fase en el que participaron 454 estudiantes, mujeres y varones entre 13 y 18 años, provenientes de cuatro escuelas secundarias. En la primera fase, los participantes completaron voluntariamente los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario sociodemográfico y de sintomatología específica de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) y Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). En la segunda fase, se realizó una entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada basada en el Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) con cada uno de aquellos estudiantes identificados como “probables casos”, con el fin de confirmar o no, la presencia de trastorno alimentario. Al comparar ambos grupos, se encontró que una proporción significativamente mayor de mujeres se encuentra insatisfecha con su imagen corporal, realizó dietas en el último año y se provoca vómitos con el fin de mantener o bajar de peso. Las mujeres presentaron puntajes significativamente mayores en cinco subescalas del EDI-2 (Búsqueda de delgadez, Bulimia, Insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, Ineficacia y Conciencia interoceptiva). En cambio, los hombres puntuaron significativamente más alto en Perfeccionismo.  Finalmente, se determinó que una proporción significativamente mayor de mujeres presenta algún tipo de trastorno alimentario (14.1% vs. 2.9%).  Palabras clave: Trastornos alimentarios, prevalencia, Argentina, mujeres/varones

The aim of this study was to analyze and compare habits, behaviours and eating attitudes, perfectionism and self-esteem in adolescent girls with eating disorder (ED) adolescents at risk of eating disorder (EDR), and adolescents without eating disorder neither risk (NED) . The sample included 200 women between 13 and 19 years of age: 167 students of high schools from Buenos Aires and 33 ED patients recruited from clinics specializing in treatment of ED. There were formed three groups according to the presence of ED or ED risk (which was evaluated through a semistructured interview based on the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE): adolescents with ED (n= 46), adolescents at risk for ED (n= 17) and adolescents without ED neither risk (n= 137). Participants completed: Sociodemographic and specific symptoms of eating disorders questionnaire, Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI 3), Rosenberg´s Self-Esteem Scale, and Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R). Overall, the results support the continuum theory of ED. EDR group had intermediate scores on perfectionism and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the results support the dysfunctional nature of one of the components of perfectionism (Discrepancy). The presence of psychological characteristics associated with the development of ED in nonclinical adolescent population (EDR), reinforces the importance of making efforts to the prevention of ED in school context. ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y comparar hábitos y actitudes hacia la alimentación, perfeccionismo y autoestima en mujeres adolescentes con cuadros completos de trastornos alimentarios (TA), adolescentes con riesgo de trastorno alimentario (RTA), y adolescentes sin trastorno alimentario ni riesgo (NTA). Participaron del estudio 200 mujeres entre 13 y 19 años: 167 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y 33 pacientes con diagnóstico de TA según el DSM IV-TR, que se encontraban en tratamiento en dos instituciones especializadas (una pública y una privada). Se conformaron tres grupos en función de la presencia de TA o de riesgo de TA evaluada a través de una entrevista diagnóstica basada en el Eating Disorder Examination (EDE): adolescentes con TA (n=46), adolescentes con riesgo de TA (n=17) y adolescentes sin TA ni riesgo de TA (n=137). Las participantes completaron los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario sociodemográfico y de sintomatología específica de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, Inventario de Trastornos Alimentarios-3 (EDI-3), Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg y Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R). En conjunto, los resultados apoyan la teoría del continuo en los TA. Las adolescentes con RTA presentaron puntuaciones intermedias en perfeccionismo y baja autoestima. Además, los resultados apoyan el carácter disfuncional de uno de los componentes del perfeccionismo (Discrepancia). La presencia de características psicológicas vinculadas con el desarrollo de los TA en adolescentes de población no clínica (RTA), refuerza la importancia de destinar esfuerzos a la prevención...