A wide spectrum of welfare issues is encountered on working equids. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of cutaneous lesions in working equids in tropical regions of the North-Central of Veracruz State, Mexico, (ii) to identify the most prevalent cutaneous pathological conditions in this population of working equids, and (iii) to identify risk factors associated to the presence of work-related skin wounds. A number of 467 working equids presented for treatment at Donkey Sanctuary Mobile Clinic Program - National Autonomous University of Mexico from seven different villages in the North-Central region of Veracruz State were evaluated. Animals with signs of cutaneous pathology underwent a physical examination and samples were obtained of exudates, hair, and tissue for cytology examination, fungal cultures, and dermo-histopathology examination. The overall prevalence of cutaneous pathological conditions in working equids was 20.6 %. The prevalence per species was 22.6 % for horses, 18.2 % for donkeys, and 14.3 % for mules. The most common cause of skin lesions was trauma (abrasions, lacerations, and abscesses) followed in frequency by parasitic dermatitis and sarcoids. No strong associations among species were observed (P > 0.20). Multivariate analysis showed that there was greater association between BCS and age with the presence of skin wounds (P < 0.05). Equids who's BCS was rated as "moderate" as well as adult animals showed significantly more skin wounds compared with the young and the elderly (P < 0.05). These findings can help to develop a better management practices to improve the welfare of equids in tropical regions of Veracruz, Mexico.
La uveítis recurrente equina (URE) es una enfermedad que afecta del 2 al 25 % de los equinos a nivel mundial, de los cuales el 56 % se quedan ciegos; por lo tanto, es considerada la causa más común de ceguera en caballos. La URE es un padecimiento espontáneo inmunomediado caracterizado por eventos recurrentes de inflamación intraocular. Actualmente, no existe tratamiento para los caballos con esta enfermedad. Las células estromales mesenquimales (CEM) derivadas de diversos tejidos, como la gelatina de Wharton (GW), han demostrado su capacidad de modular la respuesta inmune al regular negativamente el proceso inflamatorio. El objetivo del presente estudio piloto fue el evaluar el efecto del uso de CEM derivadas de GW como tratamiento para la URE. La GW se obtuvo y procesó con base en metodologías previamente descritas para la obtención de CEM. Los caballos involucrados en este estudio recibieron una dosis de 5x106 CEM en la zona subpalpebral. Se evaluó la concentración de interleucinas (IL) (IL-1a, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-g y TNFa) en muestras de lágrima obtenidas antes de la inoculación del tratamiento, 30 min después y 7 días post inoculación. No se observaron cambios significativos en la concentración de IL que sugieran la disminución de IL proinflamatorias. Sin embargo, los caballos con URE tratados con CEM mostraron una respuesta positiva a la terapia, evidenciada por la disminución en la signología de la URE. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el tratamiento de la URE con CEM derivadas de GW es una alternativa segura con resultados prometedores.
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