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Food processing allows a wide variation in the final quality of the product, which directly depends on the quality of the raw material used, the processing conditions, storage and commercialization. Salting, for example, is one of the oldest methods used to preserve meat. In the meat industry, the incorporation of salts into products is commonly used to improve dietary functionality and ensure food safety. Thus, the objective of this review was to understand that the discarded matrix meat can be used to make jerky meat, adding value to the final product. The processing of jerked beef is based on the osmotic dehydration process in counter flow, promoted by the penetration of salt with consequent exit of water from the inter and extra fibrillar compartments to the surface, with subsequent drying. At the same time, myosin denaturation occurs as a result of high temperatures, as well as myoglobin oxidation, promoted by salt, increasing the susceptibility to protein oxidation. The use of discarded animal meat to make jerky adds value to the by-product, improving sensory quality.

Background Pretreatments of drying can represent an alternative to minimize the negative aspect process on the dry samples. Thus, the influence of ethanol (ET) and freezing (FG) as drying pretreatments was analyzed for slices of papaya. The slices (5 mm) were submitted for drying kinetics (60 °C and 1.5 m s−1). Drying kinetics experimental data were fitted using Page's model and a diffusive model with boundary condition of types I and III. Also the thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity and specific heat) were determined and finally, the kinetics of ultrasound‐assisted (40 kHz and 132 W) extraction of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) were realized. Results The combined method (ET + FG) was more efficient in reducing the drying time of papaya slices (48%) and the model 2 simulating the boundary condition of the third type (type III) showed the best fit to the experimental data. Effective diffusivity and convective coefficient were higher for ET + FG, where the maximum reduction in water content was 91% compared to fresh slices. The pretreatments did not influence the thermal conductivity, however, they were significant in the specific heat and in the extraction of TPCs, being higher in the time of 180 min. Conclusion It was confirmed in the results presented that the combined pretreatment ET + FG is the most viable for drying papaya slices. Furthermore, it was found to be the most efficient in minimizing the loss of TPCs. Therefore, this pretreatment has great potential for application in the development of high value‐added foods. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Nucleation is a technique widely used in restoration projects, but the transposition of the seed bank in the soil with greater depth is still incipient, especially in the Caatinga Biome. Thus, it evaluated whether the two seed bank transposition techniques (litter and topsoil) collected in two natural environments of the Mata da Pimenteira State Park (PEMP) provide seedling emergence in degraded areas of the Caatinga. Litter and topsoil techniques were transported from two Natural Environment Zone (ZAN) of the park, Serra Branca and Pimenteira, to two restoration areas in UFRPE/UAST in plots distributed in nuclei. The design was in randomized blocks, for litter in 2016 and topsoil in 2017. The highest average of emerging seedlings occurred in the surface forest soil transposition (topsoil) technique, mainly in the collection environment of the pepper tree area of the Pimenteira State Park. Herbaceous (herbs) were more evident in the topsoil (63.25%) than in litter (61%) and the species Alcalypha poiretii Spreng. was the most abundant in the Pimenteira area while the species Croton hirtus L’Hér. in the Serra Branca. The topsoil technique showed higher species richness, while litter was less uniform. However, both techniques presented a potential for species conservation, and the Pimenteira environment provided higher viable seed bank potential in degraded areas under Caatinga ecosystem conditions.