The different types of serum lipoproteins, including apolipoprotein E phenotypes, were measured in 50 patients with xanthelasma. Half of them were found to be hyperlipemic. The normolipemic and hyperlipemic groups with xanthelasma were compared with two control groups (one a group of normolipemic patients and another a group of hyperlipemic patients without xanthelasma) selected as homogeneously as possible with regard to age, sex, degree of obesity, and hyperlipemic phenotype. The only significant differences found among the groups, regardless of the presence of hyperlipemia, were the increased levels of total and high-density lipoprotein phospholipids, and lower levels of apolipoprotein B, found in the group with xanthelasmas. The distribution of apolipoprotein E phenotypes was the same in both groups, with slight differences between the normolipemic and hyperlipemic groups. Patients with xanthelasmas showed slight deviations in the metabolism of lipoproteins that require further clarification.

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background There is a controversy about correlation between voltage and thickness in the atrial myocardium and their evolution from paroxysmal to persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Purpose This is an observational study to compare voltage and thickness of different areas on the left atrium in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Methods 43 patients underwent first procedure atrial fibrillation ablation. Points with electrical information from an electroanatiomical map in sinus rhythym were acquiered during the ablation procedure covering the whole atrial surface. CT was acquired in all patients before the procedure and endo- and epicardium from the atrium was segmented for the atrial thickness calculation. All the points from the electromecanical map were projected on the thickness map to have both information on the same location. 3D atrium was segmented in 5 areas for the analysis: Lateral, Anterior, Septal, Posterior and Roof (Figure 1). Voltage and thickness values among different areas and between AF type were compared. Results 30 paroxysmal and 13 persistent AF patients were analyzed acquiring 435±192 points per patient and 87±55 points per patient/area (20884 points in total). There was no linear correlation between voltage and thickness comparing all the patients nor among different areas nor between AF type (R<0.2 in all cases). Regarding paroxysmal AF patients, septum showed significatly lower voltage compared with the other segments, posterior, lateral, anterior and roof (1.4±1.3mV*, P<0.001). The roof showed the highest voltage (2.3±1.7mV). The thickness analysis showed the septal segment as thinner segment and lateral as thicker segment (1.4±0.6mm,1.7±0.9mm, P<0.001) (Figure 2). Regarding persistent AF patients: septum showed significatly lower voltage (1±0,9mV*)compared with the other segments. Roof showed higher voltage(2±1.7mV) (Figure 2). The thickness analysis showed the anterior segment as thinner segment and lateral as the thickest segment (1.6±0.8mm, 1.9±0.9mm, (P<0.001) different like on paroxysmal AF population. Comparing voltage and thicknes between paroxysmal and persistent AF, all the segments on persistent population showed lower voltage values, with significant differences on all segmentes but the lateral one. On the other hand, all segments on persistent population showed statisticaly signignificant thicker myocardium in camparison with paroxysmal population (Figure 2). Conclusions According to our findings, there is no linear correlation between voltage and thickness. Persistent AF atria show thicker walls but with lower voltages in comparison with paroxysmal AF atria.

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El Objetivo del Curso "Diagnóstico y Tratamiento en el tratamiento del Cáncer" organizado por la Universidad Internacional de Andalucía en 2007 ha sido el análisis de las incorporaciones clínicas que deben ser consideradas estándares y de aquellas que continúan siendo puramente investigacionales en el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de los pacientes con cáncer. El presente material docente recoge lo más destacado de las exposiciones en el citado curso, con una clara vocación de actualización de conocimientos en Oncología Médica. A pesar de que hoy las actualizaciones de cualquier área de la Medicina quedan desfasadas en poco tiempo y, a pesar de que las fuentes de información nos inundan por doquier, los tratados como el que ahora nos ocupa, continúan teniendo vigencia. Su lectura ágil y rápida puede suponer una ventaja para conocer la situación actualizada del manejo del paciente oncológico.