There is a significant difference in anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic indices between the classical form and the clinical variants of PCOS in the studied Bulgarian population.

PMT may confound the interpretation of immediate postoperative outcome. Follow-up is recommended to definitely evaluate surgical results.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the circadian blood pressure (BP) profiles in patients with two forms of Cushing's syndrome, and to compare them to those in patients with essential hypertension. The study included 100 patients with Cushing's syndrome (80 with pituitary adenomas and 20 with adrenal adenomas) and 40 with essential hypertension. Twenty-four-h ambulatory BP monitoring was performed before and after therapy. All 3 groups had similar office-, 24-h-, awake-, and sleep BP mean values. The awake-sleep differences between the patients with two forms of Cushing's syndrome were similar. The night-time BP decline in the patients with Cushing's disease, as well as in those with adrenal adenomas, was significantly lower than that in the patients with essential hypertension. In the patients with both forms of Cushing's syndrome, there was a highly significant decline in the office and ambulatory BP levels after the treatment, and the awake-sleep systolic BP difference became significantly higher. The night-time diastolic BP decline was significantly higher after treatment in patients with adrenal adenomas and not-significantly higher in patients with Cushing's disease. In the patients with Cushing's disease, the duration of hypertension was greater, and lower percentage of normalized BP after treatment was observed in comparison with the patients with adrenal adenomas. The significant negative correlation between duration of the disease and extent of the night-time BP decline suggests that the 'non-dipping' profile is related not only to hypercortisolism itself but also to the severity of hypertension and duration of the disease.

The essential biological action of vitamin D is regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and preserving bone health. In recent years there have been reports about the extraskeletal actions of vitamin D and its role in the regulation of immune system. Vitamin D supplementation appears to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infections and be able to reduce all-cause mortality. Deficiency of vitamin D has been found to correlate with the increased incidence of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), including Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are relatively common autoimmune disorders affecting more than 5% of general population. It has been shown that vitamin D receptors (VDR) and 1-alpha hydroxylase are expressed in papillary thyroid cancer and normal thyroid tissue, suggesting local synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D in the thyroid. While VDR gene polymorphism has been found in much research to be associated with AITDs, very few studies have examined the impact of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of AITDs in humans with conflicting results. This review focuses on the association between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid diseases and summarizes the results of vitamin D supplementation studies in patients with AITD.

The results we obtained about the changes of melatonin in women with PCOS could help in elucidating the complex pathophysiological pattern of this disease.