For countries like Portugal, with limited prospects in terms of employment, one of the solutions involves emigration and the desire of part of the Portuguese people to establish enterprises in other countries, England being one of the most favoured. Taking into account these premises, and in the scope of a broader research on the Portuguese Emigrant Entrepreneurship in Andorra, London, Nice and Monaco, we carried out a questionnaire to 51 Portuguese entrepreneurs living in London, within several economic sectors, between 2013 and 2014. Our main goals were to know the profile of Portuguese immigrant entrepreneurs in London, the reasons for their emigration, the need or opportunity for entrepreneurship, the types and areas of activity of their businesses, the obstacles they had to deal with and the possibility for them to return to Portugal. The novelty of our research lies in the study of the ethnic and economic emigration of Portuguese emigrants in London, a study that was under-researched and under-analysed to this date.

Nowadays the world is in constant and successive changes and to follow these changes one necessarily has to be prepared to act throughout life with initiative, innovation and value creation. However, obstacles to entrepreneurship are numerous, and those who seek these challenges in foreign countries have to face even greater problems. In order to understand the difficulties found by Portuguese emigrant entrepreneurs in Andorra, the authors conducted a survey in 2012 with 51 Portuguese entrepreneurs residing in that country. The results are described in this chapter. It was found that the main obstacles to setting up a business are mostly bureaucratic in nature, due to legislation not adjusted to reality, suggesting, first and foremost, the urgency of an intense work yet to be done in this field, both by governmental bodies and by other institutions directly related with these entrepreneurs.

INTRODUÇÃOAs migrações internacionais não são uma invenção do século XX ou da modernidade, mas fazem parte da história da humanidade. Contudo têm aumentado em volume e significância, desde 1945, e mais particularmente, desde meados dos anos 80. SIMMONS (1987) sustenta que os padrões de migração contemporâneos reflectem duas importantes dimensões: instabilidade e nova estrutura de oportunidades económicas que emergem com a acumulação flexível. Neste contexto, as migrações internacionais são actualmente temporárias, circulares, globais e reguladas, obrigando os actores internacionais a criar novas grelhas de leitura.A contextualização do processo migratório contemporâneo não se reduz a um mero fluxo de pessoas e/ou trabalhadores mas integra um importante intercâm-bio de bens materiais e simbólicos, isto é, de recursos económicos, culturais, sociais e políticos, entre os territórios de origem e de acolhimento. Em virtude do desenvolvimento dos meios de transporte e das novas tecnologias de informação, os migrantes não são mais "enraizados"; em vez disso, movem-se num espaço interfronteiras internacionais e entre culturas e sistemas sociais (GLICK e SCHILLER 1997; LEVIT 1998), adoptando estratégias de vida bi e ou multinacionais e bi e ou multi-culturais, como reconhecimento de múltiplas afiliações e identidades. Estes migrantes incorporam não só as remessas económicas mas também as remessas sociais para as suas terras de origem, impulsionando estas à mudança. Hoje, no limiar no séc. XXI, esta nova vertente da migração internacional é pautada pela criação de pontes de encontro, de redes entre sociedades distintas, com base nas novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação.Os migrantes no mundo transnacional e global estão envolvidos na construção da nação de mais de que um Estado. As entidades nacionais não são só ofuscadas mas também negociadas ou construídas.

For countries like Portugal, with limited prospects in terms of employment, one of the solutions involves emigration and the desire of part of the Portuguese people to establish enterprises in other countries, England being one of the most favoured. Taking into account these premises, and in the scope of a broader research on the Portuguese Emigrant Entrepreneurship in Andorra, London, Nice and Monaco, we carried out a questionnaire to 51 Portuguese entrepreneurs living in London, within several economic sectors, between 2013 and 2014. Our main goals were to know the profile of Portuguese immigrant entrepreneurs in London, the reasons for their emigration, the need or opportunity for entrepreneurship, the types and areas of activity of their businesses, the obstacles they had to deal with and the possibility for them to return to Portugal. The novelty of our research lies in the study of the ethnic and economic emigration of Portuguese emigrants in London, a study that was under-researched and under-analysed to this date.