The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and to introduce a new algorithm to improve its diagnosis in Cuban symptomatic children. One hundred and thirty-three consecutive children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms were studied. Patients were endoscoped and antral biopsies were obtained for rapid urease test (RUT), culture and histology. Prevalence of H. pylori infection was 30.8%. No statistical differences were found concerning demographic, socio-economic factors or chief clinical complaints, between H. pylori-positive and negative children, except for haematemesis, which was significantly higher in infected children (p = 0.003). Histologically, there was statistical association between moderate chronic gastritis in infected children (p = 0.04). Culture and RUT had the highest specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in Cuban symptomatic children is similar to the one observed in developed countries. Culture and RUT is a useful combination to diagnose H. pylori infection in paediatric patients.
Este estudio buscó describir e interpretar las teorías subjetivas (TS) sobre el tiempo escolar y su relación con la inclusión educativa de profesores de tres regiones de Chile. Se utilizó un estudio descriptivo interpretativo, metodología cualitativa y un diseño de estudio de caso. El muestreo fue a priori y participaron 69 profesores y profesoras. Se aplicaron 47 entrevistas episódicas y 4 grupos de discusión. Los datos se analizaron en base a la teoría fundamentada y la técnica de análisis específico de TS. Se encontraron TS que relacionan el tiempo escolar con la inclusión educativa como un factor que principalmente dificulta esta tarea. Esto está asociado a un contenido emocional negativo de estas teorías subjetivas, que orienta la acción docente, limitando sus prácticas pedagógicas para la inclusión de los estudiantes. Se concluye que los profesores reconocen la relevancia del tiempo y la inclusión, en el contexto educativo, sin embargo, advierten de una limitada formación al respecto.
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