The open abdomen (OA) procedure is a significant surgical advance, as part of damage control techniques in severe abdominal trauma. Its application can be adapted to the advantage of patients with severe abdominal sepsis, however its precise role in these patients is still not clear.In severe abdominal sepsis the OA may allow early identification and draining of any residual infection, control any persistent source of infection, and remove more effectively infected or cytokine-loaded peritoneal fluid, preventing abdominal compartment syndrome and deferring definitive intervention and anastomosis until the patient is appropriately resuscitated and hemodynamically stable and thus better able to heal.However, the OA may require multiple returns to the operating room and may be associated with significant complications, including enteroatmospheric fistulas, loss of abdominal wall domain and large hernias.Surgeons should be aware of the pathophysiology of severe intra-abdominal sepsis and always keep in mind the option of using open abdomen to be able to use it in the right patient at the right time.

Previous studies have linked short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and late sleep timing with lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children. However, almost all studies relied solely on selfreported sleep information and most were conducted in high income countries. To address these gaps, we studied both device-measured and self-reported sleep characteristics in relation to HRQoL in a sample of children from 12 countries that vary widely in terms of economic and human development. MethodsThe study sample included 6,626 children aged 9-11 years from Australia,

The use of stereolithographic models and virtual planning in plastic surgery have been used mainly in craniomaxillofacial reconstructions secondary to trauma, oncological reconstructions, orthognathic surgery and correction of craniofacial developmental anomalies of craniofacial development, among others, making surgical planning a less tedious process and reducing surgical time. In this article we present the experience using this technology in a referral center. Eight cases are exposed where the different applications of virtual planning and 3D models can be evidenced. Pre-op and post-op images are presented showing the similarity with the planning. We have implemented its use not only for facial trauma reconstructions with free flaps, but also for the correction of sequelae, correction of complex craniofacial abnormalities, oncological defects, and hand reconstructions. Our experience has been favorable since it allowed us to obtain satisfactory functional and predictable results and a reduced surgical time, especially in complex cases. If available, this technology should be considered as a useful tool to obtain predictable and reliable results.