Household sector has been ranked the largest electricity share over decades in Indonesia. As response to the ever growing power demand in this sector, corresponding energy policies should be appropriately formulated based on the understanding of the past electricity consumption in household sector. This paper presents a study of factors decomposition of Indonesia's household annual electricity consumption for the period 2000 -2010 using Additive-Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (Additive -LMDI) method considering current and constant pricing reference. Given a total of 29,285.2 GWh electricity consumption, production effect contributed for 75.2%, under the constant price or far less compared with that obtained under current price, or with 224.3%. Contributions of the electrified household to the total output of national economy were 19.5% and 13.7%, using constant price and current price, respectively. Meanwhile, the efficiency effect was also contributed for a total positive electricity consumption growth with 5.3% under the constant price. In contrast, the same effect was contributed an opposite direction with a decrease of 138% under the current price. Nevertheless, the intensity effect was still contributed toward a positive household's electricity growth, given the efficiency improvement was failed to decrease the total change during the study period.The study period is decided for ten years as this is to reveal factors that contribute to the household electricity consumption over the past decade. Moreover, determination in the study period refers to the ten years basis of planning on electricity provision, which is annually published by PLN. 3.2.Additive-LMDI

Wage shares have fallen substantially almost all over the world over the past 30 years. This study aims to provide a discussion of the critical elements of wage shares and to undertake a critical review of the empirical papers regarding the issue of the income distribution for labour. This paper investigates the wage share and determinants of 34 countries in 2011. There are two main objectives of this research. Firstly, the paper attempted to analyse the effectiveness of the incentives system, which is more likely to be rigid in the competitive work environment. Secondly, the research has emphasised how workers' behaviour can lead to different incentives payment through a kind of predatory behaviour or later on, we can call it an uncooperative behaviour. These objectives derived from the previous paper result in the adverse selection of worker turnover (Lazear, 1986). The findings confirm that the effect of globalisation through current account balance and the structural policy with tax wedge rate is statistically significant in wage share for those with low wage share (at the 10th per cent quantile) only. However, there is limited evidence that inflation, unemployment, education policy, and unionisation strongly affect the distribution of wages

Wage shares have fallen substantially almost all over the world over the past 30 years. This study aims to provide a discussion of the critical elements of wage shares and to undertake a critical review of the empirical papers regarding the issue of the income distribution for labour. This paper investigates the wage share and determinants of 34 countries in 2011. There are two main objectives of this research. Firstly, the paper attempted to analyse the effectiveness of the incentives system, which is more likely to be rigid in the competitive work environment. Secondly, the research has emphasised how workers' behaviour can lead to different incentives payment through a kind of predatory behaviour or later on, we can call it an uncooperative behaviour. These objectives derived from the previous paper result in the adverse selection of worker turnover (Lazear, 1986). The findings confirm that the effect of globalisation through current account balance and the structural policy with tax wedge rate is statistically significant in wage share for those with low wage share (at the 10th per cent quantile) only. However, there is limited evidence that inflation, unemployment, education policy, and unionisation strongly affect the distribution of wages